更新
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"""发送邮箱验证邮件（标准库 SMTP）。"""
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from __future__ import annotations
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import asyncio
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import logging
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import smtplib
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import ssl
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from dataclasses import asdict
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from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
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from email.mime.text import MIMEText
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from typing import Any
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from .email_templates import build_password_reset_content, build_test_email_content, build_verify_email_content
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from .system_settings import SystemSettingsData
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logger = logging.getLogger("auth.email")
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SMTP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 45
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# 阿里企业邮自定义域名 SMTP（如 smtp.xxiaw.com）常出现 535，官方地址可正常认证
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ALIBABA_SMTP_OFFICIAL = "smtp.mxhichina.com"
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_SSL_CONTEXT = ssl.create_default_context()
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def _ssl_context(*, insecure: bool = False) -> ssl.SSLContext:
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if not insecure:
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return _SSL_CONTEXT
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ctx = ssl.create_default_context()
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ctx.check_hostname = False
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ctx.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
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return ctx
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def _connect_ssl(host: str, port: int) -> smtplib.SMTP:
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try:
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return smtplib.SMTP_SSL(
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host,
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port,
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timeout=SMTP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
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context=_ssl_context(insecure=False),
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)
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except ssl.SSLCertVerificationError:
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logger.warning(
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"SMTP SSL certificate hostname mismatch for %s, retry without verify",
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host,
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)
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return smtplib.SMTP_SSL(
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host,
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port,
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timeout=SMTP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
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context=_ssl_context(insecure=True),
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)
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def _starttls(server: smtplib.SMTP, host: str) -> None:
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try:
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server.starttls(context=_ssl_context(insecure=False))
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except ssl.SSLCertVerificationError:
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logger.warning(
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"SMTP STARTTLS certificate hostname mismatch for %s, retry without verify",
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host,
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)
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server.starttls(context=_ssl_context(insecure=True))
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def build_verification_link(token: str, settings: SystemSettingsData) -> str:
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return f"{settings.app_url_normalized()}/#/login?verify_token={token}"
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def build_password_reset_link(token: str, settings: SystemSettingsData) -> str:
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return f"{settings.app_url_normalized()}/#/login?reset_token={token}"
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def resolve_smtp_mode(settings: SystemSettingsData) -> tuple[int, bool, bool]:
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"""返回 (port, use_ssl, use_starttls)。"""
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port = int(settings.smtp_port or 587)
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use_ssl = bool(settings.smtp_use_ssl) or port == 465
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# 465 只能 implicit SSL，绝不能 plain + STARTTLS
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if port == 465:
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use_ssl = True
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use_starttls = False
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elif port == 587:
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use_ssl = False
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use_starttls = bool(settings.smtp_use_tls)
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else:
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use_ssl = bool(settings.smtp_use_ssl)
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use_starttls = bool(settings.smtp_use_tls) and not use_ssl
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return port, use_ssl, use_starttls
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def _open_smtp(settings: SystemSettingsData) -> smtplib.SMTP:
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host = settings.smtp_host.strip()
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port, use_ssl, use_starttls = resolve_smtp_mode(settings)
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logger.info(
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"SMTP connect host=%s port=%s ssl=%s starttls=%s user=%s",
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host,
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port,
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use_ssl,
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use_starttls,
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settings.smtp_user or "",
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)
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if use_ssl:
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server = _connect_ssl(host, port)
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server.ehlo()
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return server
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server = smtplib.SMTP(host, port, timeout=SMTP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS)
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server.ehlo()
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if use_starttls:
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_starttls(server, host)
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server.ehlo()
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return server
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def _close_smtp(server: smtplib.SMTP) -> None:
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try:
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server.quit()
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except Exception:
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try:
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server.close()
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except Exception:
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pass
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def _login_smtp(server: smtplib.SMTP, settings: SystemSettingsData) -> tuple[smtplib.SMTP, bool]:
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"""登录 SMTP，返回 (server, 是否使用了阿里官方地址回退)。"""
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user = (settings.smtp_user or "").strip()
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pwd = settings.smtp_password
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if not user:
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return server, False
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if not pwd:
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raise RuntimeError("未填写 SMTP 密码，请在设置中填写登录密码或客户端安全密码后重试")
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try:
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server.login(user, pwd)
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return server, False
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except smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError as exc:
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host = (settings.smtp_host or "").strip().lower()
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if host == ALIBABA_SMTP_OFFICIAL:
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raise RuntimeError(_format_login_error(exc, settings)) from exc
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logger.warning(
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"SMTP auth failed on %s (%s), retrying via %s",
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host,
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exc,
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ALIBABA_SMTP_OFFICIAL,
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)
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_close_smtp(server)
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fallback = SystemSettingsData(**{**asdict(settings), "smtp_host": ALIBABA_SMTP_OFFICIAL})
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fallback_server = _open_smtp(fallback)
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try:
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fallback_server.login(user, pwd)
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except Exception as retry_exc:
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_close_smtp(fallback_server)
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raise RuntimeError(_format_login_error(exc, settings)) from retry_exc
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return fallback_server, True
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def _format_login_error(exc: Exception, settings: SystemSettingsData) -> str:
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if isinstance(exc, smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError):
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return _format_smtp_error(exc, settings)
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if isinstance(exc, smtplib.SMTPServerDisconnected):
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return (
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"SMTP 服务器在登录时断开连接，通常不是加密方式问题，而是密码错误或账号未授权 SMTP。"
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f"请确认用户名 {settings.smtp_user or ''} 与密码/客户端安全密码正确，"
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"并在阿里企业邮后台开启「允许使用第三方客户端」。"
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"若使用自定义域名 SMTP（如 smtp.xxiaw.com）仍失败，可改用 smtp.mxhichina.com 后重试。"
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)
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return _format_smtp_error(exc, settings)
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def _format_smtp_error(exc: Exception, settings: SystemSettingsData) -> str:
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msg = str(exc).strip() or exc.__class__.__name__
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port, use_ssl, use_starttls = resolve_smtp_mode(settings)
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hints: list[str] = []
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if isinstance(exc, ssl.SSLCertVerificationError):
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hints.append(
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f"SSL 证书域名与 {settings.smtp_host} 不匹配（阿里企业邮自定义域名常见），"
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"系统已尝试跳过证书校验；若仍失败请改用 smtp.mxhichina.com"
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)
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return f"{msg}。{' '.join(hints)}"
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if isinstance(exc, smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError):
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host = (settings.smtp_host or "").strip().lower()
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if host != ALIBABA_SMTP_OFFICIAL and host.startswith("smtp."):
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hints.append(
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f"若使用自定义域名 SMTP（{settings.smtp_host}），阿里企业邮常返回 535；"
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f"请将 SMTP 服务器改为 {ALIBABA_SMTP_OFFICIAL} 后重试"
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)
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hints.append(
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"SMTP 登录失败：请确认登录用户名为完整邮箱地址，"
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"密码为邮箱登录密码或阿里企业邮「客户端安全密码」（非网页登录密码时需在邮箱设置中单独生成）"
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)
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hints.append("请在阿里企业邮管理后台确认已开启「允许使用第三方客户端」")
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return f"{msg}。{' '.join(hints)}"
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lower = msg.lower()
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if "connection unexpectedly closed" in lower and port == 465 and not use_ssl:
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hints.append("465 端口必须使用 SSL 加密，不能勾选 STARTTLS")
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elif "connection unexpectedly closed" in lower and port == 465:
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if use_ssl:
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hints.append(
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"连接已建立但在后续步骤失败：请重点检查 SMTP 密码/客户端安全密码，"
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"或尝试将服务器改为 smtp.mxhichina.com"
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)
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else:
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hints.append("465 端口必须使用 SSL 加密，请选择「SSL / TLS（端口 465）」")
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if "timed out" in lower or "timeout" in lower or "10060" in lower:
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if port == 587:
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hints.append(
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f"587 端口 STARTTLS 连接 {settings.smtp_host} 超时："
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"该服务器可能仅支持 465 SSL，请将端口改为 465 并选择 SSL 加密"
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)
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else:
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hints.append(
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f"无法在 {SMTP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS}s 内连接 {settings.smtp_host}:{port}，"
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"请检查服务器地址、端口、防火墙/安全组是否放行出站 SMTP"
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)
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if "authentication" in lower or "535" in lower:
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hints.append("认证失败：请检查 SMTP 密码/客户端安全密码是否正确")
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if hints:
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return f"{msg}。{' '.join(hints)}"
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return msg
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def diagnose_smtp(settings: SystemSettingsData) -> dict[str, Any]:
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"""分步检测 SMTP 连接，便于定位配置问题。"""
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host = (settings.smtp_host or "").strip()
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port, use_ssl, use_starttls = resolve_smtp_mode(settings)
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result: dict[str, Any] = {
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"host": host,
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"port": port,
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"mode": "ssl" if use_ssl else ("starttls" if use_starttls else "plain"),
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"steps": [],
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"ok": False,
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}
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if not host:
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result["steps"].append({"step": "config", "ok": False, "message": "未填写 SMTP 服务器"})
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return result
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server: smtplib.SMTP | None = None
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try:
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server = _open_smtp(settings)
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result["steps"].append({"step": "connect", "ok": True, "message": "连接成功"})
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except Exception as exc:
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result["steps"].append(
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{"step": "connect", "ok": False, "message": _format_smtp_error(exc, settings)}
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)
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return result
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try:
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if settings.smtp_user:
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if not settings.smtp_password:
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raise RuntimeError("未填写 SMTP 密码，请在设置中填写登录密码或客户端安全密码后重试")
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host_before = (settings.smtp_host or "").strip().lower()
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server, used_fallback = _login_smtp(server, settings)
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login_msg = "登录成功"
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if used_fallback and host_before != ALIBABA_SMTP_OFFICIAL:
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login_msg = (
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f"登录成功（已通过 {ALIBABA_SMTP_OFFICIAL} 认证，"
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f"建议将 SMTP 服务器改为 {ALIBABA_SMTP_OFFICIAL}）"
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)
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result["steps"].append({"step": "login", "ok": True, "message": login_msg})
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else:
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result["steps"].append({"step": "login", "ok": True, "message": "未配置用户名，跳过登录"})
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result["ok"] = True
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except Exception as exc:
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result["steps"].append(
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{"step": "login", "ok": False, "message": _format_login_error(exc, settings)}
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)
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finally:
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if server:
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try:
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server.quit()
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except Exception:
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server.close()
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return result
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def _send_sync(
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settings: SystemSettingsData,
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to_email: str,
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subject: str,
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html_body: str,
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text_body: str,
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) -> None:
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if not settings.smtp_configured():
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raise RuntimeError("SMTP 未配置，无法发送邮件")
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smtp_from = (settings.smtp_from or settings.smtp_user or "").strip()
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msg = MIMEMultipart("alternative")
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msg["Subject"] = subject
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msg["From"] = smtp_from
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msg["To"] = to_email
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msg.attach(MIMEText(text_body, "plain", "utf-8"))
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msg.attach(MIMEText(html_body, "html", "utf-8"))
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server = _open_smtp(settings)
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try:
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if settings.smtp_user:
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try:
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server, _ = _login_smtp(server, settings)
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except RuntimeError:
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raise
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except Exception as exc:
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raise RuntimeError(_format_login_error(exc, settings)) from exc
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server.sendmail(smtp_from, [to_email], msg.as_string())
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except RuntimeError:
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raise
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except Exception as exc:
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raise RuntimeError(_format_smtp_error(exc, settings)) from exc
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finally:
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try:
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server.quit()
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except Exception:
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server.close()
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async def send_password_reset_email(
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to_email: str,
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username: str,
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token: str,
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settings: SystemSettingsData,
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) -> str:
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"""发送密码重置邮件，返回重置链接。"""
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link = build_password_reset_link(token, settings)
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expire_hours = int(settings.email_verify_token_hours or 24)
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subject, text_body, html_body = build_password_reset_content(
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settings, username, to_email, link, expire_hours
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)
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if settings.smtp_configured():
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await asyncio.to_thread(_send_sync, settings, to_email, subject, html_body, text_body)
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logger.info("Password reset email sent to %s", to_email)
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else:
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logger.warning(
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"SMTP 未配置，密码重置链接: user=%s email=%s link=%s",
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username,
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to_email,
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link,
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)
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return link
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async def send_verification_email(
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to_email: str,
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username: str,
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token: str,
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settings: SystemSettingsData,
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) -> str:
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"""发送验证邮件，返回验证链接。"""
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link = build_verification_link(token, settings)
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subject, text_body, html_body = build_verify_email_content(
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settings, username, to_email, link
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)
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if settings.smtp_configured():
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await asyncio.to_thread(_send_sync, settings, to_email, subject, html_body, text_body)
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logger.info("Verification email sent to %s", to_email)
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else:
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logger.warning(
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"SMTP 未配置，验证链接: user=%s email=%s link=%s",
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username,
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to_email,
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link,
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)
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return link
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async def send_test_email(to_email: str, settings: SystemSettingsData) -> None:
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diagnosis = await asyncio.to_thread(diagnose_smtp, settings)
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if not diagnosis.get("ok"):
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failed = next((s for s in diagnosis.get("steps", []) if not s.get("ok")), None)
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raise RuntimeError(failed["message"] if failed else "SMTP 连接检测失败")
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subject, text_body, html_body = build_test_email_content(settings, to_email)
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await asyncio.to_thread(_send_sync, settings, to_email, subject, html_body, text_body)
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