新增

backend/auth/dependencies.py

@@ -7,9 +7,21 @@ from models.database import get_db
 from models.models import User
 from .jwt_utils import decode_access_token
 from .permissions import (
+    ACCOUNTS_COOKIE,
+    ACCOUNTS_CREATE,
+    ACCOUNTS_DELETE,
+    ACCOUNTS_START,
+    ACCOUNTS_STOP,
+    ACCOUNTS_UPDATE,
     ACCOUNTS_WRITE,
+    ACCOUNTS_WRITE_GRANULAR,
+    LINK_CARDS_WRITE,
     MESSAGES_WRITE,
+    ORDERS_CREATE,
+    ROLES_MANAGE,
     RULES_WRITE,
+    SETTINGS_DATABASE,
+    SYSTEM_LOGS_CLEAR,
     USERS_MANAGE,
     WRITE_PERMISSIONS,
 )
@@ -71,34 +83,43 @@ async def require_write(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
     )
 
 
-async def require_accounts_write(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
+def _require_any(*codes: str, detail: str):
-    if has_permission(user.role, ACCOUNTS_WRITE):
+    async def _checker(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
-        return user
+        if any(has_permission(user.role, code) for code in codes):
-    raise HTTPException(
+            return user
-        status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail=detail)
-        detail="缺少权限：accounts.write",
+
-    )
+    return _checker
 
 
-async def require_messages_write(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
+# Backward-compatible: any account write capability.
-    if has_permission(user.role, MESSAGES_WRITE):
+require_accounts_write = _require_any(
-        return user
+    ACCOUNTS_WRITE,
-    raise HTTPException(
+    *ACCOUNTS_WRITE_GRANULAR,
-        status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+    detail="缺少账号写权限",
-        detail="缺少权限：messages.write",
+)
-    )
+require_accounts_create = require_permission(ACCOUNTS_CREATE)
+require_accounts_update = require_permission(ACCOUNTS_UPDATE)
+require_accounts_delete = require_permission(ACCOUNTS_DELETE)
+require_accounts_start = require_permission(ACCOUNTS_START)
+require_accounts_stop = require_permission(ACCOUNTS_STOP)
+require_accounts_cookie = require_permission(ACCOUNTS_COOKIE)
 
-
+require_messages_write = require_permission(MESSAGES_WRITE)
-async def require_rules_write(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
+require_rules_write = require_permission(RULES_WRITE)
-    if has_permission(user.role, RULES_WRITE):
+require_link_cards_write = require_permission(LINK_CARDS_WRITE)
-        return user
+require_system_logs_clear = require_permission(SYSTEM_LOGS_CLEAR)
-    raise HTTPException(
+require_settings_database = require_permission(SETTINGS_DATABASE)
-        status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+require_orders_create = require_permission(ORDERS_CREATE)
-        detail="缺少权限：rules.write",
-    )
 
 
 async def require_user_manager(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
     if has_permission(user.role, USERS_MANAGE):
         return user
     raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="需要用户管理权限")
+
+
+async def require_role_manager(user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
+    if has_permission(user.role, ROLES_MANAGE):
+        return user
+    raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="需要角色管理权限")

backend/auth/permissions.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-"""Fixed permission catalog for menus and actions.
+"""Fixed permission catalog: menus, button actions, and data scope.
 
-UI and APIs only select from this list; new codes must be added in code.
+UI only selects from this list; new codes must be added in code.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 from typing import Any
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Menu visibility
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 MENU_DASHBOARD = "menu.dashboard"
 MENU_ACCOUNTS = "menu.accounts"
 MENU_MESSAGES = "menu.messages"
@@ -19,23 +21,63 @@ MENU_SYSTEM_LOGS = "menu.system_logs"
 MENU_DOWNLOAD = "menu.download"
 MENU_HELP = "menu.help"
 MENU_USERS = "menu.users"
+MENU_ROLES = "menu.roles"
 MENU_SETTINGS = "menu.settings"
 MENU_DESKTOP_UPDATE = "menu.desktop_update"
 MENU_PAYMENT_SETTINGS = "menu.payment_settings"
 MENU_PAYMENT_ORDERS = "menu.payment_orders"
 
-# Actions
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-ACCOUNTS_WRITE = "accounts.write"
+# Button / action permissions
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Accounts (granular). Legacy ``accounts.write`` expands to the full set.
+ACCOUNTS_CREATE = "accounts.create"
+ACCOUNTS_UPDATE = "accounts.update"
+ACCOUNTS_DELETE = "accounts.delete"
+ACCOUNTS_START = "accounts.start"
+ACCOUNTS_STOP = "accounts.stop"
+ACCOUNTS_COOKIE = "accounts.cookie"
+ACCOUNTS_WRITE = "accounts.write"  # legacy bundle
+
 MESSAGES_WRITE = "messages.write"
 RULES_WRITE = "rules.write"
+LINK_CARDS_WRITE = "link_cards.write"
+
 LOGS_READ = "logs.read"
 RECEIVED_MESSAGES_READ = "received_messages.read"
 SYSTEM_LOGS_READ = "system_logs.read"
+SYSTEM_LOGS_CLEAR = "system_logs.clear"
+
 USERS_MANAGE = "users.manage"
+ROLES_MANAGE = "roles.manage"
 SETTINGS_MANAGE = "settings.manage"
+SETTINGS_DATABASE = "settings.database"
 DESKTOP_MANAGE = "desktop.manage"
 PAYMENTS_MANAGE = "payments.manage"
 ORDERS_READ = "orders.read"
+ORDERS_CREATE = "orders.create"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Data scope
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Without this (and without is_admin), users only see their own data.
+DATA_SCOPE_ALL = "data.scope_all"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Bundles / aliases expanded on save & when checking permissions
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ACCOUNTS_WRITE_GRANULAR: tuple[str, ...] = (
+    ACCOUNTS_CREATE,
+    ACCOUNTS_UPDATE,
+    ACCOUNTS_DELETE,
+    ACCOUNTS_START,
+    ACCOUNTS_STOP,
+    ACCOUNTS_COOKIE,
+)
+
+LEGACY_BUNDLES: dict[str, tuple[str, ...]] = {
+    ACCOUNTS_WRITE: ACCOUNTS_WRITE_GRANULAR,
+}
 
 ALL_PERMISSIONS: tuple[str, ...] = (
     MENU_DASHBOARD,
@@ -48,21 +90,34 @@ ALL_PERMISSIONS: tuple[str, ...] = (
     MENU_DOWNLOAD,
     MENU_HELP,
     MENU_USERS,
+    MENU_ROLES,
     MENU_SETTINGS,
     MENU_DESKTOP_UPDATE,
     MENU_PAYMENT_SETTINGS,
     MENU_PAYMENT_ORDERS,
+    ACCOUNTS_CREATE,
+    ACCOUNTS_UPDATE,
+    ACCOUNTS_DELETE,
+    ACCOUNTS_START,
+    ACCOUNTS_STOP,
+    ACCOUNTS_COOKIE,
     ACCOUNTS_WRITE,
     MESSAGES_WRITE,
     RULES_WRITE,
+    LINK_CARDS_WRITE,
     LOGS_READ,
     RECEIVED_MESSAGES_READ,
     SYSTEM_LOGS_READ,
+    SYSTEM_LOGS_CLEAR,
     USERS_MANAGE,
+    ROLES_MANAGE,
     SETTINGS_MANAGE,
+    SETTINGS_DATABASE,
     DESKTOP_MANAGE,
     PAYMENTS_MANAGE,
     ORDERS_READ,
+    ORDERS_CREATE,
+    DATA_SCOPE_ALL,
 )
 
 PERMISSION_SET = frozenset(ALL_PERMISSIONS)
@@ -70,8 +125,10 @@ PERMISSION_SET = frozenset(ALL_PERMISSIONS)
 WRITE_PERMISSIONS = frozenset(
     {
         ACCOUNTS_WRITE,
+        *ACCOUNTS_WRITE_GRANULAR,
         MESSAGES_WRITE,
         RULES_WRITE,
+        LINK_CARDS_WRITE,
     }
 )
 
@@ -85,22 +142,35 @@ _PERMISSION_META: dict[str, dict[str, str]] = {
     MENU_SYSTEM_LOGS: {"group": "menu", "label": "系统诊断日志"},
     MENU_DOWNLOAD: {"group": "menu", "label": "软件下载"},
     MENU_HELP: {"group": "menu", "label": "帮助中心"},
-    MENU_USERS: {"group": "menu", "label": "用户与角色"},
+    MENU_USERS: {"group": "menu", "label": "用户管理"},
+    MENU_ROLES: {"group": "menu", "label": "角色设定"},
     MENU_SETTINGS: {"group": "menu", "label": "系统设置"},
     MENU_DESKTOP_UPDATE: {"group": "menu", "label": "桌面端升级"},
     MENU_PAYMENT_SETTINGS: {"group": "menu", "label": "支付配置"},
     MENU_PAYMENT_ORDERS: {"group": "menu", "label": "我的订单"},
-    ACCOUNTS_WRITE: {"group": "action", "label": "账号写操作（启动/停止/改凭证/删除）"},
+    ACCOUNTS_CREATE: {"group": "action", "label": "新增抖音账号"},
-    MESSAGES_WRITE: {"group": "action", "label": "发送私信"},
+    ACCOUNTS_UPDATE: {"group": "action", "label": "编辑账号信息"},
+    ACCOUNTS_DELETE: {"group": "action", "label": "删除账号"},
+    ACCOUNTS_START: {"group": "action", "label": "启动托管 / 批量启动"},
+    ACCOUNTS_STOP: {"group": "action", "label": "停止托管"},
+    ACCOUNTS_COOKIE: {"group": "action", "label": "查看/修改 Cookie 与凭证"},
+    ACCOUNTS_WRITE: {"group": "action", "label": "账号全部写操作（兼容旧版，等同下列细项）"},
+    MESSAGES_WRITE: {"group": "action", "label": "发送私信 / 队列立即发送"},
     RULES_WRITE: {"group": "action", "label": "编辑自动回复规则"},
+    LINK_CARDS_WRITE: {"group": "action", "label": "上传素材 / 生成链接卡片"},
     LOGS_READ: {"group": "action", "label": "查看回复日志"},
     RECEIVED_MESSAGES_READ: {"group": "action", "label": "查看接收消息日志"},
     SYSTEM_LOGS_READ: {"group": "action", "label": "查看系统诊断日志"},
-    USERS_MANAGE: {"group": "action", "label": "管理用户与角色"},
+    SYSTEM_LOGS_CLEAR: {"group": "action", "label": "清空系统诊断日志"},
+    USERS_MANAGE: {"group": "action", "label": "管理用户"},
+    ROLES_MANAGE: {"group": "action", "label": "管理角色"},
     SETTINGS_MANAGE: {"group": "action", "label": "管理系统设置"},
+    SETTINGS_DATABASE: {"group": "action", "label": "管理数据库配置与迁移"},
     DESKTOP_MANAGE: {"group": "action", "label": "管理桌面端升级"},
-    PAYMENTS_MANAGE: {"group": "action", "label": "管理支付配置"},
+    PAYMENTS_MANAGE: {"group": "action", "label": "管理支付配置与全部订单"},
     ORDERS_READ: {"group": "action", "label": "查看我的订单"},
+    ORDERS_CREATE: {"group": "action", "label": "购买额度 / 创建订单"},
+    DATA_SCOPE_ALL: {"group": "data", "label": "查看全部用户数据（全局数据范围）"},
 }
 
 OPERATOR_PERMISSIONS: tuple[str, ...] = (
@@ -113,12 +183,14 @@ OPERATOR_PERMISSIONS: tuple[str, ...] = (
     MENU_DOWNLOAD,
     MENU_HELP,
     MENU_PAYMENT_ORDERS,
-    ACCOUNTS_WRITE,
+    *ACCOUNTS_WRITE_GRANULAR,
     MESSAGES_WRITE,
     RULES_WRITE,
+    LINK_CARDS_WRITE,
     LOGS_READ,
     RECEIVED_MESSAGES_READ,
     ORDERS_READ,
+    ORDERS_CREATE,
 )
 
 VIEWER_PERMISSIONS: tuple[str, ...] = (
@@ -149,14 +221,158 @@ def normalize_permissions(codes: list[str] | tuple[str, ...] | None) -> list[str
     return result
 
 
+def expand_legacy_bundles(codes: set[str]) -> set[str]:
+    """Expand legacy bundle codes into granular permissions."""
+    expanded = set(codes)
+    for bundle, parts in LEGACY_BUNDLES.items():
+        if bundle in expanded:
+            expanded.update(parts)
+    return expanded
+
+
+# Menu → required action. Selecting a menu always grants the action.
+MENU_REQUIRED_ACTIONS: dict[str, str | tuple[str, ...]] = {
+    MENU_USERS: USERS_MANAGE,
+    MENU_ROLES: ROLES_MANAGE,
+    MENU_SETTINGS: SETTINGS_MANAGE,
+    MENU_DESKTOP_UPDATE: DESKTOP_MANAGE,
+    MENU_PAYMENT_SETTINGS: PAYMENTS_MANAGE,
+    MENU_PAYMENT_ORDERS: (ORDERS_READ, ORDERS_CREATE),
+    MENU_LOGS: LOGS_READ,
+    MENU_RECEIVED_MESSAGES: RECEIVED_MESSAGES_READ,
+    MENU_SYSTEM_LOGS: SYSTEM_LOGS_READ,
+    MENU_ACCOUNTS: (),  # page access only; buttons are separate
+    MENU_MESSAGES: (),
+    MENU_RULES: (),
+}
+
+# Action → primary menu only.
+ACTION_PRIMARY_MENU: dict[str, str] = {
+    USERS_MANAGE: MENU_USERS,
+    ROLES_MANAGE: MENU_ROLES,
+    SETTINGS_MANAGE: MENU_SETTINGS,
+    SETTINGS_DATABASE: MENU_SETTINGS,
+    DESKTOP_MANAGE: MENU_DESKTOP_UPDATE,
+    PAYMENTS_MANAGE: MENU_PAYMENT_SETTINGS,
+    ORDERS_READ: MENU_PAYMENT_ORDERS,
+    ORDERS_CREATE: MENU_PAYMENT_ORDERS,
+    LOGS_READ: MENU_LOGS,
+    RECEIVED_MESSAGES_READ: MENU_RECEIVED_MESSAGES,
+    SYSTEM_LOGS_READ: MENU_SYSTEM_LOGS,
+    SYSTEM_LOGS_CLEAR: MENU_SYSTEM_LOGS,
+    ACCOUNTS_CREATE: MENU_ACCOUNTS,
+    ACCOUNTS_UPDATE: MENU_ACCOUNTS,
+    ACCOUNTS_DELETE: MENU_ACCOUNTS,
+    ACCOUNTS_START: MENU_ACCOUNTS,
+    ACCOUNTS_STOP: MENU_ACCOUNTS,
+    ACCOUNTS_COOKIE: MENU_ACCOUNTS,
+    ACCOUNTS_WRITE: MENU_ACCOUNTS,
+    MESSAGES_WRITE: MENU_MESSAGES,
+    RULES_WRITE: MENU_RULES,
+    LINK_CARDS_WRITE: MENU_RULES,
+}
+
+
+def _iter_required_actions(menu: str) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    raw = MENU_REQUIRED_ACTIONS.get(menu)
+    if raw is None:
+        return ()
+    if isinstance(raw, str):
+        return (raw,)
+    return tuple(raw)
+
+
+# Catalog / UI pairs (menu → first required action for checkbox hints).
+MENU_ACTION_PAIRS: tuple[tuple[str, str], ...] = tuple(
+    (menu, actions[0])
+    for menu, actions in (
+        (m, _iter_required_actions(m)) for m in MENU_REQUIRED_ACTIONS
+    )
+    if actions
+)
+
+
+def expand_paired_permissions(codes: list[str] | tuple[str, ...] | None) -> list[str]:
+    """Normalize, expand legacy bundles, and auto-complete menu/action pairs."""
+    selected = expand_legacy_bundles(set(normalize_permissions(codes)))
+    for menu in list(selected):
+        for action in _iter_required_actions(menu):
+            selected.add(action)
+    for action, menu in ACTION_PRIMARY_MENU.items():
+        if action in selected:
+            selected.add(menu)
+    # If every granular account write is present, keep the legacy bundle flag.
+    if all(code in selected for code in ACCOUNTS_WRITE_GRANULAR):
+        selected.add(ACCOUNTS_WRITE)
+    return [code for code in ALL_PERMISSIONS if code in selected]
+
+
+def permission_implies(held: set[str], needed: str) -> bool:
+    """Whether a held permission set satisfies ``needed`` (incl. legacy bundles)."""
+    if needed in held:
+        return True
+    for bundle, parts in LEGACY_BUNDLES.items():
+        if needed in parts and bundle in held:
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
 def permission_catalog() -> dict[str, Any]:
     menus = []
     actions = []
+    data = []
+    meta_by_code: dict[str, dict[str, str]] = {}
     for code in ALL_PERMISSIONS:
         meta = _PERMISSION_META[code]
         item = {"code": code, "label": meta["label"]}
-        if meta["group"] == "menu":
+        meta_by_code[code] = meta
+        group = meta["group"]
+        if group == "menu":
             menus.append(item)
+        elif group == "data":
+            data.append(item)
         else:
             actions.append(item)
-    return {"menus": menus, "actions": actions}
+
+    # Reverse index: menu → child action codes (preserve ALL_PERMISSIONS order).
+    children_by_menu: dict[str, list[dict[str, str]]] = {m["code"]: [] for m in menus}
+    for code in ALL_PERMISSIONS:
+        if meta_by_code[code]["group"] != "action":
+            continue
+        parent = ACTION_PRIMARY_MENU.get(code)
+        if parent and parent in children_by_menu:
+            children_by_menu[parent].append(
+                {"code": code, "label": meta_by_code[code]["label"]}
+            )
+
+    tree: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    for menu in menus:
+        node: dict[str, Any] = {
+            "code": menu["code"],
+            "label": menu["label"],
+            "kind": "menu",
+            "children": children_by_menu.get(menu["code"], []),
+        }
+        tree.append(node)
+
+    if data:
+        tree.append(
+            {
+                "code": "__group.data__",
+                "label": "数据权限",
+                "kind": "group",
+                "children": [
+                    {"code": item["code"], "label": item["label"]} for item in data
+                ],
+            }
+        )
+
+    return {
+        "menus": menus,
+        "actions": actions,
+        "data": data,
+        "tree": tree,
+        "pairs": [
+            {"menu": menu, "action": action} for menu, action in MENU_ACTION_PAIRS
+        ],
+    }

backend/auth/role_service.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from sqlalchemy import func, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from models.models import Role, User
-from .permissions import ALL_PERMISSIONS, normalize_permissions
+from .permissions import ALL_PERMISSIONS, expand_paired_permissions, normalize_permissions
 from .roles import (
     ROLE_ADMIN,
     RoleRecord,
@@ -48,7 +48,11 @@ def _decode_permissions(raw: str | None) -> list[str]:
 
 
 def role_to_record(row: Role) -> RoleRecord:
-    perms = list(ALL_PERMISSIONS) if row.is_admin else _decode_permissions(row.permissions)
+    perms = (
+        list(ALL_PERMISSIONS)
+        if row.is_admin
+        else expand_paired_permissions(_decode_permissions(row.permissions))
+    )
     return RoleRecord(
         code=row.code,
         label=row.label,
@@ -70,7 +74,7 @@ async def refresh_role_cache(db: AsyncSession) -> list[RoleRecord]:
 
 
 async def seed_builtin_roles(db: AsyncSession) -> None:
-    """Insert missing built-in roles and keep admin permissions complete."""
+    """Insert missing built-in roles and keep system role permissions in sync."""
     seeds = {seed.code: seed for seed in default_role_seeds()}
     result = await db.execute(select(Role))
     existing = {row.code: row for row in result.scalars().all()}
@@ -92,17 +96,35 @@ async def seed_builtin_roles(db: AsyncSession) -> None:
             )
             changed = True
             continue
-        # Keep system flags and admin full permission set in sync.
+        # Keep system flags and built-in permission sets in sync with code.
         if not row.is_system:
             row.is_system = True
             changed = True
-        if seed.is_admin and (not row.is_admin or row.permissions != payload):
+        if seed.is_admin:
-            row.is_admin = True
+            if not row.is_admin or row.permissions != payload or row.label != seed.label:
-            row.permissions = payload
+                row.is_admin = True
-            row.label = seed.label
+                row.permissions = payload
-            changed = True
+                row.label = seed.label
-        elif not row.label:
+                if seed.description and row.description != seed.description:
-            row.label = seed.label
+                    row.description = seed.description
+                changed = True
+        else:
+            # operator / viewer: resync catalog so new menu/action codes ship.
+            desired = _encode_permissions(expand_paired_permissions(seed.permissions))
+            if row.permissions != desired or row.label != seed.label:
+                row.permissions = desired
+                row.label = seed.label
+                row.is_admin = False
+                changed = True
+
+    # Repair custom roles that have unpaired menu/action selections.
+    for row in existing.values():
+        if row.code in seeds or row.is_admin:
+            continue
+        repaired = expand_paired_permissions(_decode_permissions(row.permissions))
+        encoded = _encode_permissions(repaired)
+        if row.permissions != encoded:
+            row.permissions = encoded
             changed = True
 
     if changed:

backend/auth/roles.py

@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@ from typing import Iterable
 
 from .permissions import (
     ALL_PERMISSIONS,
+    DATA_SCOPE_ALL,
     OPERATOR_PERMISSIONS,
     VIEWER_PERMISSIONS,
     WRITE_PERMISSIONS,
-    normalize_permissions,
+    expand_legacy_bundles,
+    permission_implies,
 )
 
+
 ROLE_ADMIN = "admin"
 ROLE_OPERATOR = "operator"
 ROLE_VIEWER = "viewer"
@@ -44,7 +47,7 @@ def default_role_seeds() -> list[RoleRecord]:
         RoleRecord(
             code=ROLE_ADMIN,
             label=ROLE_LABELS[ROLE_ADMIN],
-            description="拥有全部菜单与操作权限，可管理全局数据",
+            description="拥有全部菜单、按钮与全局数据权限",
             is_system=True,
             is_admin=True,
             permissions=list(ALL_PERMISSIONS),
@@ -52,7 +55,7 @@ def default_role_seeds() -> list[RoleRecord]:
         RoleRecord(
             code=ROLE_OPERATOR,
             label=ROLE_LABELS[ROLE_OPERATOR],
-            description="管理自己的账号、规则与私信",
+            description="管理自己的账号、规则与私信（仅本人数据）",
             is_system=True,
             is_admin=False,
             permissions=list(OPERATOR_PERMISSIONS),
@@ -91,20 +94,27 @@ def role_label(code: str | None) -> str:
 
 
 def is_admin(role: str | None) -> bool:
-    """True when the role has global data scope (built-in admin)."""
+    """True for the built-in admin role (global admin flag)."""
     record = get_cached_role(role)
     if record is not None:
         return bool(record.is_admin)
-    # Fallback before cache is warm / for unit tests.
     return str(role or "") == ROLE_ADMIN
 
 
+def has_global_scope(role: str | None) -> bool:
+    """True when the role may see all users' data (admin or data.scope_all)."""
+    if is_admin(role):
+        return True
+    return has_permission(role, DATA_SCOPE_ALL)
+
+
 def can_write(role: str | None) -> bool:
     record = get_cached_role(role)
     if record is not None:
         if record.is_admin:
             return True
-        return any(code in WRITE_PERMISSIONS for code in record.permissions)
+        held = expand_legacy_bundles(set(record.permissions))
+        return any(code in WRITE_PERMISSIONS for code in held)
     return str(role or "") in (ROLE_ADMIN, ROLE_OPERATOR)
 
 
@@ -112,6 +122,10 @@ def can_manage_users(role: str | None) -> bool:
     return has_permission(role, "users.manage")
 
 
+def can_manage_roles(role: str | None) -> bool:
+    return has_permission(role, "roles.manage")
+
+
 def has_permission(role: str | None, permission: str) -> bool:
     code = str(permission or "").strip()
     if not code:
@@ -121,13 +135,14 @@ def has_permission(role: str | None, permission: str) -> bool:
         if str(role or "") == ROLE_ADMIN:
             return True
         if str(role or "") == ROLE_OPERATOR:
-            return code in OPERATOR_PERMISSIONS
+            return permission_implies(expand_legacy_bundles(set(OPERATOR_PERMISSIONS)), code)
         if str(role or "") == ROLE_VIEWER:
-            return code in VIEWER_PERMISSIONS
+            return permission_implies(set(VIEWER_PERMISSIONS), code)
         return False
     if record.is_admin:
         return True
-    return code in record.permissions
+    held = expand_legacy_bundles(set(record.permissions))
+    return permission_implies(held, code)
 
 
 def permissions_for_role(role: str | None) -> list[str]:
@@ -136,7 +151,9 @@ def permissions_for_role(role: str | None) -> list[str]:
         if str(role or "") == ROLE_ADMIN:
             return list(ALL_PERMISSIONS)
         if str(role or "") == ROLE_OPERATOR:
-            return list(OPERATOR_PERMISSIONS)
+            from .permissions import expand_paired_permissions
+
+            return expand_paired_permissions(OPERATOR_PERMISSIONS)
         if str(role or "") == ROLE_VIEWER:
             return list(VIEWER_PERMISSIONS)
         return []
@@ -164,4 +181,6 @@ def sanitize_role_permissions(
 ) -> list[str]:
     if force_all:
         return list(ALL_PERMISSIONS)
-    return normalize_permissions(codes)
+    from .permissions import expand_paired_permissions
+
+    return expand_paired_permissions(codes)

backend/auth/router.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from .account_limits import (
     normalize_max_accounts,
 )
 from .account_quota import default_stop_worker, sync_user_account_quota
-from .dependencies import get_current_user, require_user_manager
+from .dependencies import get_current_user, require_role_manager, require_user_manager
 from .email_service import (
     build_password_reset_link,
     build_verification_link,
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ from .role_service import (
     user_permission_payload,
 )
 from .roles import ROLE_OPERATOR, is_admin
+from .scopes import ensure_user_manageable, users_for_manager
 from .schemas import (
     LoginRequest,
     MessageResponse,
@@ -393,17 +394,20 @@ async def list_auth_roles(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
     _: User = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
-    """Lightweight role list for dropdowns (any logged-in user)."""
+    """Lightweight role list for dropdowns (any logged-in user).
+
+    Intentionally omits permission arrays to avoid leaking the full ACL map.
+    """
     records = await list_role_records(db)
     return RolesResponse(
         roles=[
             RoleInfo(
                 value=item.code,
                 label=item.label,
-                description=item.description or None,
+                description=None,
                 is_system=item.is_system,
                 is_admin=item.is_admin,
-                permissions=list(item.permissions),
+                permissions=[],
             )
             for item in records
         ]
@@ -417,9 +421,9 @@ roles_router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/roles", tags=["roles"])
 @users_router.get("", response_model=list[UserResponse])
 async def list_users(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    _: User = Depends(require_user_manager),
+    current: User = Depends(require_user_manager),
 ):
-    result = await db.execute(select(User).order_by(User.id.asc()))
+    result = await db.execute(users_for_manager(current).order_by(User.id.asc()))
     users = result.scalars().all()
     responses = []
     for user in users:
@@ -431,13 +435,15 @@ async def list_users(
 async def create_user(
     body: UserCreate,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    _: User = Depends(require_user_manager),
+    current: User = Depends(require_user_manager),
 ):
     settings = await load_settings(db)
     exists = await db.execute(select(User).where(User.username == body.username))
     if exists.scalar_one_or_none():
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="用户名已存在")
     role = await ensure_role_assignable(db, body.role)
+    if is_admin(role) and not is_admin(current.role):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="只有管理员可以分配管理员角色")
     email = await _ensure_email_available(db, str(body.email) if body.email else None)
     if settings.email_binding_required and not is_admin(role) and not email:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="系统已开启「登录必须绑定邮箱」，请填写邮箱")
@@ -455,6 +461,7 @@ async def create_user(
         email_verified=email_verified,
         email_verified_at=datetime.utcnow() if email and email_verified else None,
         max_accounts=normalize_max_accounts(body.max_accounts, role),
+        created_by=current.id,
     )
     db.add(user)
     await db.commit()
@@ -473,6 +480,7 @@ async def update_user(
     user = result.scalar_one_or_none()
     if not user:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="用户不存在")
+    ensure_user_manageable(current, user)
     settings = await load_settings(db)
     if user.id == current.id and body.is_active is False:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="不能禁用当前登录账号")
@@ -482,6 +490,8 @@ async def update_user(
         await guard_last_admin_change(db, user=user, deactivating=True)
     if body.role is not None:
         new_role = await ensure_role_assignable(db, body.role)
+        if is_admin(new_role) and not is_admin(current.role):
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="只有管理员可以分配管理员角色")
         await guard_last_admin_change(db, user=user, new_role=new_role)
 
     if body.display_name is not None:
@@ -541,6 +551,7 @@ async def delete_user(
     user = result.scalar_one_or_none()
     if not user:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="用户不存在")
+    ensure_user_manageable(current, user)
     await guard_last_admin_change(db, user=user, deleting=True)
     await db.delete(user)
     await db.commit()
@@ -550,7 +561,7 @@ async def delete_user(
 @roles_router.get("", response_model=RolesResponse)
 async def admin_list_roles(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    _: User = Depends(require_user_manager),
+    _: User = Depends(require_role_manager),
 ):
     records = await list_role_records(db)
     roles = []
@@ -570,7 +581,7 @@ async def admin_list_roles(
 
 
 @roles_router.get("/catalog", response_model=PermissionCatalogResponse)
-async def get_permission_catalog(_: User = Depends(require_user_manager)):
+async def get_permission_catalog(_: User = Depends(require_role_manager)):
     return PermissionCatalogResponse(**permission_catalog())
 
 
@@ -578,7 +589,7 @@ async def get_permission_catalog(_: User = Depends(require_user_manager)):
 async def create_custom_role(
     body: RoleCreate,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    _: User = Depends(require_user_manager),
+    _: User = Depends(require_role_manager),
 ):
     record = await create_role(
         db,
@@ -603,7 +614,7 @@ async def update_custom_role(
     code: str,
     body: RoleUpdate,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    _: User = Depends(require_user_manager),
+    _: User = Depends(require_role_manager),
 ):
     record = await update_role(
         db,
@@ -627,7 +638,7 @@ async def update_custom_role(
 async def delete_custom_role(
     code: str,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    _: User = Depends(require_user_manager),
+    _: User = Depends(require_role_manager),
 ):
     await delete_role(db, code)
     return {"message": "角色已删除"}

backend/auth/schemas.py

@@ -132,3 +132,6 @@ class RoleUpdate(BaseModel):
 class PermissionCatalogResponse(BaseModel):
     menus: list[dict[str, Any]]
     actions: list[dict[str, Any]]
+    data: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    tree: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    pairs: list[dict[str, Any]] = Field(default_factory=list)

backend/auth/scopes.py

@@ -5,8 +5,12 @@ from sqlalchemy import or_, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from models.models import Account, AutoReplyRule, MessageLog, ReceivedMessageLog, SystemLog, User
-from .permissions import ACCOUNTS_WRITE, RULES_WRITE
+from .permissions import (
-from .roles import has_permission, is_admin
+    ACCOUNTS_UPDATE,
+    ACCOUNTS_WRITE_GRANULAR,
+    RULES_WRITE,
+)
+from .roles import has_global_scope, has_permission, is_admin
 
 
 async def get_owned_account(
@@ -15,29 +19,42 @@ async def get_owned_account(
     account_id: int,
     *,
     write: bool = False,
+    write_permission: str | None = None,
 ) -> Account:
     result = await db.execute(select(Account).where(Account.id == account_id))
     account = result.scalar_one_or_none()
     if not account:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="账号不存在")
-    if is_admin(user.role):
+    if has_global_scope(user.role):
+        if write:
+            needed = write_permission or ACCOUNTS_UPDATE
+            if not has_permission(user.role, needed):
+                raise HTTPException(
+                    status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+                    detail=f"缺少权限：{needed}",
+                )
         return account
     if account.owner_id != user.id:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="无权访问该账号")
-    if write and not has_permission(user.role, ACCOUNTS_WRITE):
+    if write:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="只读用户无法修改")
+        needed = write_permission or ACCOUNTS_UPDATE
+        if not has_permission(user.role, needed):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+                detail=f"缺少权限：{needed}",
+            )
     return account
 
 
 def accounts_for_user(user: User):
     stmt = select(Account)
-    if not is_admin(user.role):
+    if not has_global_scope(user.role):
         stmt = stmt.where(Account.owner_id == user.id)
     return stmt
 
 
 async def owned_account_ids(db: AsyncSession, user: User) -> Optional[set[int]]:
-    if is_admin(user.role):
+    if has_global_scope(user.role):
         return None
     result = await db.execute(select(Account.id).where(Account.owner_id == user.id))
     return {row[0] for row in result.all()}
@@ -47,7 +64,7 @@ def logs_for_user(user: User, account_id: Optional[int] = None):
     stmt = select(MessageLog)
     if account_id is not None:
         stmt = stmt.where(MessageLog.account_id == account_id)
-    if not is_admin(user.role):
+    if not has_global_scope(user.role):
         owned = select(Account.id).where(Account.owner_id == user.id)
         stmt = stmt.where(MessageLog.account_id.in_(owned))
     return stmt
@@ -57,7 +74,7 @@ def received_logs_for_user(user: User, account_id: Optional[int] = None):
     stmt = select(ReceivedMessageLog)
     if account_id is not None:
         stmt = stmt.where(ReceivedMessageLog.account_id == account_id)
-    if not is_admin(user.role):
+    if not has_global_scope(user.role):
         owned = select(Account.id).where(Account.owner_id == user.id)
         stmt = stmt.where(ReceivedMessageLog.account_id.in_(owned))
     return stmt
@@ -67,19 +84,23 @@ def rules_for_user(user: User, account_id: Optional[int] = None):
     stmt = select(AutoReplyRule)
     if account_id is not None:
         stmt = stmt.where(AutoReplyRule.account_id == account_id)
-    if is_admin(user.role):
+    if has_global_scope(user.role):
         return stmt
     owned = select(Account.id).where(Account.owner_id == user.id)
     return stmt.where(AutoReplyRule.account_id.in_(owned))
 
 
-async def get_accessible_rule(db: AsyncSession, user: User, rule_id: int, *, write: bool = False) -> AutoReplyRule:
+async def get_accessible_rule(
+    db: AsyncSession, user: User, rule_id: int, *, write: bool = False
+) -> AutoReplyRule:
     result = await db.execute(select(AutoReplyRule).where(AutoReplyRule.id == rule_id))
     rule = result.scalar_one_or_none()
     if not rule:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="规则不存在")
 
-    if is_admin(user.role):
+    if has_global_scope(user.role):
+        if write and not has_permission(user.role, RULES_WRITE):
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="缺少权限：rules.write")
         return rule
 
     if rule.account_id is None:
@@ -89,7 +110,7 @@ async def get_accessible_rule(db: AsyncSession, user: User, rule_id: int, *, wri
     if rule.owner_id and rule.owner_id != user.id and account.owner_id != user.id:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="无权访问该规则")
     if write and not has_permission(user.role, RULES_WRITE):
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="只读用户无法修改")
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="缺少权限：rules.write")
     return rule
 
 
@@ -97,7 +118,7 @@ def system_logs_for_user(user: User, account_id: Optional[int] = None):
     stmt = select(SystemLog)
     if account_id is not None:
         stmt = stmt.where(SystemLog.account_id == account_id)
-    if not is_admin(user.role):
+    if not has_global_scope(user.role):
         owned = select(Account.id).where(Account.owner_id == user.id)
         stmt = stmt.where(
             or_(
@@ -106,3 +127,25 @@ def system_logs_for_user(user: User, account_id: Optional[int] = None):
             )
         )
     return stmt
+
+
+def users_for_manager(manager: User):
+    """Admins see all users; others only see themselves and users they created."""
+    stmt = select(User)
+    if is_admin(manager.role):
+        return stmt
+    return stmt.where(or_(User.created_by == manager.id, User.id == manager.id))
+
+
+def ensure_user_manageable(manager: User, target: User) -> None:
+    """Raise 403 unless manager may edit/delete target user."""
+    if is_admin(manager.role):
+        return
+    if target.id == manager.id:
+        return
+    if target.created_by == manager.id:
+        return
+    raise HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+        detail="只能管理自己创建的用户",
+    )

backend/auth/settings_router.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from models.db_config import (
 from models.db_transfer import inspect_sqlite_source, migrate_sqlite_to_target
 from models.models import User
 from .dependencies import require_permission
-from .permissions import SETTINGS_MANAGE
+from .permissions import PAYMENTS_MANAGE, SETTINGS_DATABASE, SETTINGS_MANAGE
 from .email_service import send_test_email
 from .system_settings import (
     PASSWORD_PLACEHOLDER,
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ async def update_system_settings(
 @router.get("/payment", response_model=PaymentSettingsResponse)
 async def get_payment_settings(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_MANAGE)),
+    _: User = Depends(require_permission(PAYMENTS_MANAGE)),
 ):
     data = await load_settings(db)
     return PaymentSettingsResponse(**settings_to_payment_response(data))
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ async def get_payment_settings(
 async def update_payment_settings(
     body: PaymentSettingsUpdate,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_MANAGE)),
+    _: User = Depends(require_permission(PAYMENTS_MANAGE)),
 ):
     updates = body.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
     data = await save_settings(db, updates)
@@ -277,14 +277,14 @@ async def test_smtp_email(
 
 
 @router.get("/database", response_model=DatabaseSettingsResponse)
-async def get_database_settings(_: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_MANAGE))):
+async def get_database_settings(_: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_DATABASE))):
     return DatabaseSettingsResponse(**database_config_to_response())
 
 
 @router.put("/database", response_model=MessageResponse)
 async def update_database_settings(
     body: DatabaseSettingsUpdate,
-    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_MANAGE)),
+    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_DATABASE)),
 ):
     payload = body.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
     if payload.get("db_password") in (None, "", DB_PASSWORD_PLACEHOLDER):
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ async def update_database_settings(
 @router.post("/database/test", response_model=MessageResponse)
 async def test_database_settings(
     body: DatabaseTestRequest,
-    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_MANAGE)),
+    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_DATABASE)),
 ):
     payload = body.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
     if payload.get("db_password") in (None, "", DB_PASSWORD_PLACEHOLDER):
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ async def test_database_settings(
 @router.get("/database/migrate/preview", response_model=DatabaseMigratePreviewResponse)
 async def preview_database_migration(
     source_db_path: str | None = None,
-    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_MANAGE)),
+    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_DATABASE)),
 ):
     return DatabaseMigratePreviewResponse(**await inspect_sqlite_source(source_db_path))
 
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ async def preview_database_migration(
 @router.post("/database/migrate", response_model=DatabaseMigrateResponse)
 async def migrate_database_data(
     body: DatabaseMigrateRequest,
-    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_MANAGE)),
+    _: User = Depends(require_permission(SETTINGS_DATABASE)),
 ):
     payload = body.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
     clear_target = bool(payload.pop("clear_target", False))

backend/link_cards_router.py

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
-from auth.dependencies import get_current_user, require_write
+from auth.dependencies import get_current_user, require_link_cards_write
+from auth.roles import has_permission
+from auth.permissions import LINK_CARDS_WRITE
 from link_cards import (
     absolute_media_url,
     build_keywords,
@@ -68,8 +70,8 @@ async def _get_owned_card(
     card = (await db.execute(stmt)).scalar_one_or_none()
     if not card or card.owner_id != user.id:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="卡片不存在")
-    if write and user.role == "viewer":
+    if write and not has_permission(user.role, LINK_CARDS_WRITE):
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="无写入权限")
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="缺少权限：link_cards.write")
     return card
 
 
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ def _card_response(card: LinkCardPage, request: Request) -> LinkCardResponse:
 async def upload_link_card_image(
     request: Request,
     file: UploadFile = File(...),
-    user: User = Depends(require_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_link_cards_write),
 ):
     if not file.content_type or not file.content_type.startswith("image/"):
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="仅支持上传图片文件")
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ async def upsert_link_card(
     body: LinkCardUpsert,
     request: Request,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_link_cards_write),
 ):
     title = body.title.strip()
     content = (body.content or "").strip()

backend/main.py

@@ -44,11 +44,15 @@ from desktop_router import router as desktop_router
 from link_cards_router import router as link_cards_router, UPLOAD_DIR as LINK_CARD_UPLOAD_DIR
 from auth.dependencies import (
     get_current_user,
-    require_accounts_write,
+    require_accounts_cookie,
-    require_admin,
+    require_accounts_create,
+    require_accounts_delete,
+    require_accounts_start,
+    require_accounts_stop,
+    require_accounts_update,
     require_messages_write,
     require_rules_write,
-    require_write,
+    require_system_logs_clear,
 )
 from auth.account_limits import ensure_can_add_account
 from auth.scopes import (
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ from auth.scopes import (
     received_logs_for_user,
     system_logs_for_user,
 )
-from auth.roles import has_permission, is_admin
+from auth.roles import has_global_scope, has_permission, is_admin
 from auth.permissions import LOGS_READ, RECEIVED_MESSAGES_READ, SYSTEM_LOGS_READ
 from auth.passwords import hash_password
 from rpa_engine.batch_start import BatchStartQueue
@@ -1413,7 +1417,7 @@ async def get_account_options(
         Account.reply_cooldown_seconds,
         Account.quota_disabled,
     )
-    if not is_admin(user.role):
+    if not has_global_scope(user.role):
         stmt = stmt.where(Account.owner_id == user.id)
 
     rows = (await db.execute(stmt.order_by(Account.id.asc()))).all()
@@ -1632,9 +1636,9 @@ async def update_account(
     account_id: int,
     body: AccountUpdate,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_update),
 ):
-    account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+    account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="accounts.update")
     follow_config_changed = bool(
         {"follow_welcome_enabled", "follow_welcome_content"}
         & set(body.model_fields_set)
@@ -1700,7 +1704,7 @@ async def get_reply_queue_summaries(
         allowed_ids = await owned_account_ids(db, user)
         worker_entries = list(manager.workers.items())
     else:
-        if is_admin(user.role):
+        if has_global_scope(user.role):
             allowed_ids = set(requested_ids)
         elif requested_ids:
             owned_result = await db.execute(
@@ -1793,7 +1797,7 @@ async def send_account_queued_reply_now(
     user: User = Depends(require_messages_write),
 ):
     """将指定任务原子移入紧急队列，并把它后面的普通任务前移一槽。"""
-    await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+    await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="messages.write")
     worker = manager.workers.get(account_id)
     service = worker._im_service if worker else None
     if not worker or not worker.is_running or not service or not service._running:
@@ -1888,7 +1892,7 @@ async def get_account_cookie(
     account_id: int,
     purpose: Optional[str] = None,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_cookie),
 ):
     """Read a Cookie for management or for legacy desktop login clients.
 
@@ -1921,7 +1925,7 @@ async def get_account_cookie(
 async def get_desktop_login_credential(
     account_id: int,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_cookie),
 ):
     """Return credentials only when the selected Douyin identity is verified.
 
@@ -1945,7 +1949,7 @@ async def update_account_cookie(
     account_id: int,
     body: AccountCookieUpdate,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_cookie),
 ):
     # Validate first: malformed input must not take a healthy hosted account
     # offline.  Filesystem and database mutations happen only after the worker
@@ -1960,7 +1964,7 @@ async def update_account_cookie(
     # preparations.  Keep the lock until the new Cookie and cleared identity
     # are committed so no worker can start in the stop/commit gap.
     async with manager.preparation_lock(account_id):
-        account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+        account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="accounts.cookie")
         await _release_db_connection(db)
         await batch_start_queue.cancel_account(account_id)
         await manager.stop_worker(account_id)
@@ -1994,13 +1998,13 @@ async def update_account_cookie(
 async def delete_account_cookie(
     account_id: int,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_cookie),
 ):
     # Deleting credentials uses the same preparation lock as starting a
     # worker, preventing a new worker from appearing after stop_worker but
     # before the cleared credentials are committed.
     async with manager.preparation_lock(account_id):
-        account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+        account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="accounts.cookie")
         await _release_db_connection(db)
         await batch_start_queue.cancel_account(account_id)
         await manager.stop_worker(account_id)
@@ -2023,7 +2027,7 @@ async def delete_account_cookie(
 async def create_account(
     account_in: AccountCreate,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_create),
 ):
     cookie_data = (account_in.cookie_data or "").strip()
     standard_json_str = None
@@ -2061,9 +2065,9 @@ async def create_account(
 async def delete_account(
     account_id: int,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_delete),
 ):
-    await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+    await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="accounts.delete")
     # 停止运行中的任务
     await _release_db_connection(db)
     await batch_start_queue.cancel_account(account_id)
@@ -2079,7 +2083,7 @@ async def delete_account(
 async def validate_account_credential(
     account_id: int,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_cookie),
 ):
     account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id)
 
@@ -2096,9 +2100,9 @@ async def validate_account_credential(
 async def reset_account_credentials(
     account_id: int,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_cookie),
 ):
-    await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+    await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="accounts.cookie")
     await _release_db_connection(db)
     await batch_start_queue.cancel_account(account_id)
     account = await _reset_account_credentials(account_id, db)
@@ -2251,9 +2255,11 @@ async def start_account_rpa(
     account_id: int,
     body: StartAccountRequest = StartAccountRequest(),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_start),
 ):
-    account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+    account = await get_owned_account(
+        db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="accounts.start"
+    )
     # Cancelling waits for an in-flight queued start, and the preparation lock
     # waits for whichever start owns this account.  Neither may keep a pooled
     # connection checked out while it waits.
@@ -2267,7 +2273,7 @@ async def start_account_rpa(
 async def submit_account_start_batch(
     body: BatchStartRequest,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_start),
 ):
     requested_ids = list(
         dict.fromkeys(int(value) for value in body.account_ids if int(value) > 0)
@@ -2280,7 +2286,7 @@ async def submit_account_start_batch(
     # The submit path needs only ids and the disabled flag.  Do not hydrate
     # every account's large cookie/session/QR columns just to enqueue ids.
     candidate_stmt = select(Account.id, Account.quota_disabled)
-    if not is_admin(user.role):
+    if not has_global_scope(user.role):
         candidate_stmt = candidate_stmt.where(Account.owner_id == user.id)
     if not body.all_accounts:
         candidate_stmt = candidate_stmt.where(Account.id.in_(requested_ids))
@@ -2331,9 +2337,11 @@ async def get_account_start_batch(
 async def stop_account_rpa(
     account_id: int,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_write),
+    user: User = Depends(require_accounts_stop),
 ):
-    account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+    account = await get_owned_account(
+        db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="accounts.stop"
+    )
 
     # Cancelling drains an in-flight queued start, which can take as long as
     # the batch per-account deadline.  Do not hold a pooled connection for it.
@@ -2415,7 +2423,7 @@ async def create_rule(
         rule_in.keyword = ""
     if rule_in.account_id is None:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="请选择适用账号，每条规则必须绑定一个托管账号")
-    await get_owned_account(db, user, rule_in.account_id, write=True)
+    await get_owned_account(db, user, rule_in.account_id, write=True, write_permission="rules.write")
 
     sort_stmt = select(func.max(AutoReplyRule.sort_order)).where(
         AutoReplyRule.account_id == rule_in.account_id
@@ -2451,7 +2459,7 @@ async def update_rule(
         rule_in.keyword = ""
     if rule_in.account_id is None:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="请选择适用账号，每条规则必须绑定一个托管账号")
-    await get_owned_account(db, user, rule_in.account_id, write=True)
+    await get_owned_account(db, user, rule_in.account_id, write=True, write_permission="rules.write")
 
     rule.account_id = rule_in.account_id
     rule.keyword = rule_in.keyword
@@ -2637,7 +2645,7 @@ async def get_system_logs(
         category=category,
         limit=max(1, min(int(limit or 200), 1000)),
     )
-    if not is_admin(user.role):
+    if not has_global_scope(user.role):
         allowed = await owned_account_ids(db, user)
         entries = [e for e in entries if e.get("account_id") in allowed]
     return [SystemLogResponse(**e) for e in entries]
@@ -2646,7 +2654,7 @@ async def get_system_logs(
 @app.delete("/api/system-logs")
 async def clear_system_logs(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
-    _: User = Depends(require_admin),
+    _: User = Depends(require_system_logs_clear),
 ):
     """清空系统诊断日志（内存缓冲区 + 数据库历史）。"""
     system_logger.clear()
@@ -2712,7 +2720,7 @@ async def upload_message_image(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
     user: User = Depends(require_messages_write),
 ):
-    account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+    account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="messages.write")
     if not file.content_type or not file.content_type.startswith("image/"):
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="仅支持上传图片文件")
 
@@ -2803,7 +2811,7 @@ async def send_account_message(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
     user: User = Depends(require_messages_write),
 ):
-    account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True)
+    account = await get_owned_account(db, user, account_id, write=True, write_permission="messages.write")
 
     content = normalize_outgoing_content(
         content=body.content or "",

backend/models/db_migrate.py

@@ -275,6 +275,12 @@ def migrate_users_table(conn) -> None:
         "max_accounts",
         {"default": "ALTER TABLE users ADD COLUMN max_accounts INTEGER DEFAULT 3"},
     )
+    add_column_if_missing(
+        conn,
+        "users",
+        "created_by",
+        {"default": "ALTER TABLE users ADD COLUMN created_by INTEGER"},
+    )
     cols = _table_columns(conn, "users")
     if not cols:
         return

backend/models/models.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class Role(Base):
     """Assignable role with a fixed permission-code list.
 
     ``users.role`` stores ``Role.code``.  Built-in roles are seeded on startup;
-    custom roles are owned by admins via the users.manage permission.
+    custom roles are owned by admins via the users.manage / roles.manage permissions.
     """
 
     __tablename__ = "roles"
@@ -40,6 +40,13 @@ class User(Base):
     email_verified = Column(Boolean, default=False)
     email_verified_at = Column(DateTime, nullable=True)
     max_accounts = Column(Integer, default=3)
+    # User who created this account via「用户管理」; null for self-register / seeded.
+    created_by = Column(
+        Integer,
+        ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        nullable=True,
+        index=True,
+    )
     created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
     updated_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, onupdate=datetime.utcnow)
 

backend/payments/router.py

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ from fastapi.responses import PlainTextResponse
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from auth.dependencies import get_current_user, require_permission
-from auth.permissions import PAYMENTS_MANAGE
+from auth.permissions import ORDERS_CREATE, ORDERS_READ, PAYMENTS_MANAGE
+from auth.roles import has_permission
 from auth.system_settings import load_settings
 from models.database import get_db
 from models.models import User
@@ -21,6 +22,18 @@ from .schemas import (
 router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/payments", tags=["payments"])
 
 
+def _require_orders_access(user: User) -> None:
+    if has_permission(user.role, ORDERS_READ) or has_permission(user.role, PAYMENTS_MANAGE):
+        return
+    raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="缺少权限：orders.read")
+
+
+def _require_orders_create(user: User) -> None:
+    if has_permission(user.role, ORDERS_CREATE) or has_permission(user.role, PAYMENTS_MANAGE):
+        return
+    raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="缺少权限：orders.create")
+
+
 @router.get("/config", response_model=PaymentConfigResponse)
 async def get_payment_config(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
@@ -36,6 +49,7 @@ async def create_payment_order(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
     user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
+    _require_orders_create(user)
     order, demo_mode = await service.create_order(db, user, body.slots, body.channel)
     return PaymentOrderResponse(**service.order_to_dict(order, demo_mode=demo_mode))
 
@@ -49,6 +63,7 @@ async def list_payment_orders(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
     user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
+    _require_orders_access(user)
     if status and status not in service.ORDER_STATUSES:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="无效的订单状态")
     data = await service.list_orders(
@@ -68,6 +83,7 @@ async def get_payment_order(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
     user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
+    _require_orders_access(user)
     settings = await load_settings(db)
     order = await service.get_user_order(db, user, order_no)
     demo_mode = settings.payment_demo_mode and not settings.payment_channel_available(order.channel)
@@ -80,6 +96,7 @@ async def simulate_payment_order(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
     user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
+    _require_orders_create(user)
     settings = await load_settings(db)
     order = await service.simulate_pay(db, user, order_no)
     return PaymentOrderResponse(**service.order_to_dict(order, demo_mode=settings.payment_demo_mode))

backend/payments/service.py

@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ from sqlalchemy import func, select, update
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from auth.account_quota import default_stop_worker, sync_user_account_quota
-from auth.roles import is_admin
+from auth.roles import has_global_scope, has_permission, is_admin
+from auth.permissions import ORDERS_READ, PAYMENTS_MANAGE
 from auth.system_settings import SystemSettingsData, load_settings
 from models.models import PaymentOrder, User
 from . import alipay, wechat
@@ -347,7 +348,12 @@ async def list_orders(
     page_size = max(1, min(100, page_size))
 
     filters = []
-    if not is_admin(current_user.role):
+    # Global order list for built-in admin, payments.manage, or data.scope_all.
+    if not (
+        is_admin(current_user.role)
+        or has_permission(current_user.role, PAYMENTS_MANAGE)
+        or has_global_scope(current_user.role)
+    ):
         filters.append(PaymentOrder.user_id == current_user.id)
     if status:
         filters.append(PaymentOrder.status == status)

backend/tests/test_roles_rbac.py

@@ -19,7 +19,13 @@ if str(BACKEND_DIR) not in sys.path:
 
 from models.models import Base, Role, User  # noqa: E402
 from auth.passwords import hash_password  # noqa: E402
-from auth.permissions import ACCOUNTS_WRITE, ALL_PERMISSIONS, MENU_USERS  # noqa: E402
+from auth.permissions import (  # noqa: E402
+    ACCOUNTS_WRITE,
+    ALL_PERMISSIONS,
+    MENU_USERS,
+    USERS_MANAGE,
+    expand_paired_permissions,
+)
 from auth.role_service import (  # noqa: E402
     create_role,
     delete_role,
@@ -109,8 +115,35 @@ class RolesRbacTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         payload = await auth_router._build_user_response(self.db, user)
         self.assertEqual(payload.role_label, "运营")
         self.assertFalse(payload.is_admin)
-        self.assertIn(ACCOUNTS_WRITE, payload.permissions)
+        self.assertIn("accounts.create", payload.permissions)
         self.assertNotIn(MENU_USERS, payload.permissions)
+        self.assertNotIn("data.scope_all", payload.permissions)
+
+    async def test_legacy_accounts_write_implies_granular(self):
+        created = await create_role(
+            self.db,
+            code="legacy_ops",
+            label="旧版运营",
+            description=None,
+            permissions=[ACCOUNTS_WRITE, "menu.accounts"],
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(has_permission("legacy_ops", "accounts.start"))
+        self.assertTrue(has_permission("legacy_ops", "accounts.cookie"))
+        self.assertIn(ACCOUNTS_WRITE, created.permissions)
+
+    async def test_data_scope_all_for_custom_role(self):
+        from auth.roles import has_global_scope
+
+        await create_role(
+            self.db,
+            code="auditor",
+            label="审计",
+            description=None,
+            permissions=["menu.accounts", "data.scope_all"],
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(has_global_scope("auditor"))
+        self.assertFalse(has_global_scope("operator"))
+        self.assertTrue(has_global_scope("admin"))
 
     async def test_last_admin_cannot_be_demoted(self):
         admin = User(
@@ -128,6 +161,31 @@ class RolesRbacTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
             await guard_last_admin_change(self.db, user=admin, new_role="operator")
         self.assertEqual(caught.exception.status_code, 400)
 
+    async def test_menu_action_pairs_expand(self):
+        expanded = expand_paired_permissions([MENU_USERS])
+        self.assertIn(MENU_USERS, expanded)
+        self.assertIn(USERS_MANAGE, expanded)
+        created = await create_role(
+            self.db,
+            code="hr_desk",
+            label="人事台",
+            description=None,
+            permissions=[MENU_USERS],
+        )
+        self.assertIn(USERS_MANAGE, created.permissions)
+        self.assertNotIn("menu.roles", created.permissions)
+        self.assertNotIn("roles.manage", created.permissions)
+
+        roles_only = await create_role(
+            self.db,
+            code="role_editor",
+            label="角色编辑",
+            description=None,
+            permissions=["menu.roles"],
+        )
+        self.assertIn("roles.manage", roles_only.permissions)
+        self.assertNotIn(USERS_MANAGE, roles_only.permissions)
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

frontend/src/App.vue

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   MessageOutlined,
   BugOutlined,
   TeamOutlined,
+  SafetyCertificateOutlined,
   LogoutOutlined,
   ControlOutlined,
   PayCircleOutlined,
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ const ICON_MAP = {
   MessageOutlined,
   BugOutlined,
   TeamOutlined,
+  SafetyCertificateOutlined,
   ControlOutlined,
   PayCircleOutlined,
   UnorderedListOutlined,

frontend/src/components/ReplyRuleEditor.vue

@@ -21,6 +21,14 @@ const props = defineProps({
   showHeader: {
     type: Boolean,
     default: true
+  },
+  readonly: {
+    type: Boolean,
+    default: false
+  },
+  canUploadCards: {
+    type: Boolean,
+    default: true
   }
 })
 
@@ -39,10 +47,12 @@ const typeOptions = replyTypeOptions.map((opt) => ({
 const cardUploading = ref({})
 
 const addReplyItem = () => {
+  if (props.readonly) return
   replyItems.value = [...replyItems.value, emptyReplyForm()]
 }
 
 const removeReplyItem = (index) => {
+  if (props.readonly) return
   if (replyItems.value.length <= 1) {
     message.warning('至少保留一条回复消息')
     return
@@ -53,6 +63,7 @@ const removeReplyItem = (index) => {
 }
 
 const updateReplyField = (index, field, value) => {
+  if (props.readonly) return
   const next = replyItems.value.map((item, i) =>
     i === index ? { ...item, [field]: value } : item
   )
@@ -60,6 +71,7 @@ const updateReplyField = (index, field, value) => {
 }
 
 const updateReplyFields = (index, fields) => {
+  if (props.readonly) return
   const next = replyItems.value.map((item, i) =>
     i === index ? { ...item, ...fields } : item
   )
@@ -67,6 +79,11 @@ const updateReplyFields = (index, fields) => {
 }
 
 const uploadCardImage = async (index, options) => {
+  if (props.readonly || !props.canUploadCards) {
+    message.warning('当前账号无卡片上传权限')
+    options?.onError?.(new Error('no permission'))
+    return
+  }
   const { file, onSuccess, onError } = options
   cardUploading.value = { ...cardUploading.value, [index]: true }
   try {
@@ -104,7 +121,13 @@ const copyPageUrl = async (url) => {
   <div class="reply-rule-editor">
     <div v-if="showHeader" class="reply-list-header">
       <span class="reply-list-title">自动回复消息</span>
-      <a-button type="dashed" size="small" class="reply-add-btn" @click="addReplyItem">
+      <a-button
+        v-if="!readonly"
+        type="dashed"
+        size="small"
+        class="reply-add-btn"
+        @click="addReplyItem"
+      >
         <template #icon><PlusOutlined /></template>
         添加一条消息
       </a-button>
@@ -114,7 +137,7 @@ const copyPageUrl = async (url) => {
       <div class="reply-item-header">
         <span>消息 {{ replyIndex + 1 }}</span>
         <a-button
-          v-if="replyItems.length > 1"
+          v-if="!readonly && replyItems.length > 1"
           type="text"
           danger
           size="small"
@@ -130,6 +153,7 @@ const copyPageUrl = async (url) => {
           :value="reply.reply_type"
           button-style="solid"
           class="reply-type-group"
+          :disabled="readonly"
           @update:value="(v) => updateReplyField(replyIndex, 'reply_type', v)"
         >
           <a-radio-button v-for="opt in typeOptions" :key="opt.value" :value="opt.value">
@@ -193,6 +217,7 @@ const copyPageUrl = async (url) => {
         <a-form-item label="封面图片" required>
           <div class="card-upload-row">
             <a-upload
+              v-if="canUploadCards && !readonly"
               name="file"
               list-type="picture-card"
               :show-upload-list="false"
@@ -214,6 +239,15 @@ const copyPageUrl = async (url) => {
                 <div>上传封面</div>
               </div>
             </a-upload>
+            <div v-else class="card-upload-placeholder">
+              <img
+                v-if="reply.reply_card_cover_url || reply.reply_card_image_path"
+                :src="reply.reply_card_cover_url || reply.reply_card_image_path"
+                alt="封面"
+                class="card-cover-preview"
+              />
+              <template v-else>无上传权限</template>
+            </div>
             <span class="card-upload-tip">上传后自动转为 PNG favicon（32×32）与卡片封面（256×256）</span>
           </div>
         </a-form-item>

frontend/src/config/menus.js

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
  * Sidebar menu catalog. Visibility is driven by permission codes from /auth/me.
+ * Admin pages also require paired action permissions (alsoRequires).
  */
 export const MENU_ITEMS = [
   {
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ export const MENU_ITEMS = [
     name: 'Logs',
     title: '回复日志面板',
     permission: 'menu.logs',
+    alsoRequires: ['logs.read'],
     icon: 'FileTextOutlined'
   },
   {
@@ -43,6 +45,7 @@ export const MENU_ITEMS = [
     name: 'ReceivedMessages',
     title: '接收消息日志',
     permission: 'menu.received_messages',
+    alsoRequires: ['received_messages.read'],
     icon: 'InboxOutlined'
   },
   {
@@ -50,6 +53,7 @@ export const MENU_ITEMS = [
     name: 'SystemLogs',
     title: '系统诊断日志',
     permission: 'menu.system_logs',
+    alsoRequires: ['system_logs.read'],
     icon: 'BugOutlined'
   },
   {
@@ -69,15 +73,25 @@ export const MENU_ITEMS = [
   {
     path: '/users',
     name: 'Users',
-    title: '用户与角色',
+    title: '用户管理',
     permission: 'menu.users',
+    alsoRequires: ['users.manage'],
     icon: 'TeamOutlined'
   },
+  {
+    path: '/roles',
+    name: 'Roles',
+    title: '角色设定',
+    permission: 'menu.roles',
+    alsoRequires: ['roles.manage'],
+    icon: 'SafetyCertificateOutlined'
+  },
   {
     path: '/settings',
     name: 'Settings',
     title: '系统设置',
     permission: 'menu.settings',
+    alsoRequires: ['settings.manage'],
     icon: 'ControlOutlined'
   },
   {
@@ -85,6 +99,7 @@ export const MENU_ITEMS = [
     name: 'DesktopUpdate',
     title: '桌面端升级',
     permission: 'menu.desktop_update',
+    alsoRequires: ['desktop.manage'],
     icon: 'RocketOutlined'
   },
   {
@@ -92,6 +107,7 @@ export const MENU_ITEMS = [
     name: 'PaymentSettings',
     title: '支付配置',
     permission: 'menu.payment_settings',
+    alsoRequires: ['payments.manage'],
     icon: 'PayCircleOutlined'
   },
   {
@@ -99,6 +115,7 @@ export const MENU_ITEMS = [
     name: 'MyPaymentOrders',
     title: '我的订单',
     permission: 'menu.payment_orders',
+    alsoRequires: ['orders.read'],
     icon: 'UnorderedListOutlined'
   }
 ]
@@ -110,7 +127,8 @@ export const HEADER_TITLES = {
   Rules: '策略中心',
   ReceivedMessages: '接收消息日志',
   SystemLogs: '诊断中心',
-  Users: '权限中心',
+  Users: '用户管理',
+  Roles: '角色设定',
   Settings: '系统设置',
   DesktopUpdate: '桌面端升级',
   PaymentSettings: '支付配置',
@@ -120,7 +138,13 @@ export const HEADER_TITLES = {
   Logs: '日志中心'
 }
 
+export function menuAccessible(item, hasPermission) {
+  if (!item || !hasPermission(item.permission)) return false
+  const extra = item.alsoRequires || []
+  return extra.every((code) => hasPermission(code))
+}
+
 export function firstAccessiblePath(hasPermission) {
-  const hit = MENU_ITEMS.find((item) => hasPermission(item.permission))
+  const hit = MENU_ITEMS.find((item) => menuAccessible(item, hasPermission))
   return hit?.path || '/help'
 }

frontend/src/router/index.js

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import SystemLogs from '../views/SystemLogs.vue'
 import ReceivedMessages from '../views/ReceivedMessages.vue'
 import Login from '../views/Login.vue'
 import Users from '../views/Users.vue'
+import Roles from '../views/Roles.vue'
 import Settings from '../views/Settings.vue'
 import DesktopUpdate from '../views/DesktopUpdate.vue'
 import PaymentSettings from '../views/PaymentSettings.vue'
@@ -15,7 +16,8 @@ import MyPaymentOrders from '../views/MyPaymentOrders.vue'
 import Help from '../views/Help.vue'
 import Download from '../views/Download.vue'
 import { useAuthStore } from '../stores/auth'
-import { firstAccessiblePath } from '../config/menus'
+import { firstAccessiblePath, MENU_ITEMS, menuAccessible } from '../config/menus'
+
 
 const routes = [
   { path: '/login', component: Login, name: 'Login', meta: { public: true } },
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@ const routes = [
     meta: { permission: 'menu.system_logs' }
   },
   { path: '/users', component: Users, name: 'Users', meta: { permission: 'menu.users' } },
+  { path: '/roles', component: Roles, name: 'Roles', meta: { permission: 'menu.roles' } },
   { path: '/settings', component: Settings, name: 'Settings', meta: { permission: 'menu.settings' } },
   {
     path: '/desktop-update',
@@ -101,6 +104,11 @@ router.beforeEach(async (to) => {
     return firstAccessiblePath((code) => auth.hasPermission(code))
   }
 
+  const menuItem = MENU_ITEMS.find((item) => item.path === to.path)
+  if (menuItem && !menuAccessible(menuItem, (code) => auth.hasPermission(code))) {
+    return firstAccessiblePath((code) => auth.hasPermission(code))
+  }
+
   return true
 })
 

frontend/src/stores/auth.js

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { defineStore } from 'pinia'
 import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
 import api from '../api'
-import { MENU_ITEMS } from '../config/menus'
+import { MENU_ITEMS, menuAccessible } from '../config/menus'
 
 export const useAuthStore = defineStore('auth', () => {
   const token = ref(localStorage.getItem('kefu_token') || '')
@@ -24,21 +24,60 @@ export const useAuthStore = defineStore('auth', () => {
   const hasPermission = (code) => {
     if (!code) return true
     if (isAdmin.value) return true
-    return permissionSet.value.has(code)
+    if (permissionSet.value.has(code)) return true
+    // Legacy accounts.write covers all granular account write buttons.
+    if (
+      code.startsWith('accounts.') &&
+      code !== 'accounts.write' &&
+      permissionSet.value.has('accounts.write')
+    ) {
+      return true
+    }
+    return false
   }
 
-  const canWrite = computed(() => hasPermission('accounts.write'))
+  const canWrite = computed(() =>
+    hasPermission('accounts.write') ||
+    hasPermission('accounts.create') ||
+    hasPermission('accounts.update') ||
+    hasPermission('accounts.delete') ||
+    hasPermission('accounts.start') ||
+    hasPermission('accounts.stop') ||
+    hasPermission('accounts.cookie')
+  )
+  const canCreateAccounts = computed(() => hasPermission('accounts.create'))
+  const canUpdateAccounts = computed(() => hasPermission('accounts.update'))
+  const canDeleteAccounts = computed(() => hasPermission('accounts.delete'))
+  const canStartAccounts = computed(() => hasPermission('accounts.start'))
+  const canStopAccounts = computed(() => hasPermission('accounts.stop'))
+  const canManageCookies = computed(() => hasPermission('accounts.cookie'))
   const canWriteMessages = computed(() => hasPermission('messages.write'))
   const canWriteRules = computed(() => hasPermission('rules.write'))
+  const canWriteLinkCards = computed(() => hasPermission('link_cards.write'))
+  const canClearSystemLogs = computed(() => hasPermission('system_logs.clear'))
   const canManageUsers = computed(() => hasPermission('users.manage'))
-  const isViewer = computed(() => !canWrite.value && !isAdmin.value)
+  const canManageRoles = computed(() => hasPermission('roles.manage'))
+  const canManagePayments = computed(() => hasPermission('payments.manage'))
+  const canManageSettings = computed(() => hasPermission('settings.manage'))
+  const canManageDatabase = computed(() => hasPermission('settings.database'))
+  const canCreateOrders = computed(() => hasPermission('orders.create'))
+  const hasGlobalDataScope = computed(
+    () => isAdmin.value || hasPermission('data.scope_all')
+  )
+  const isViewer = computed(
+    () =>
+      !canWrite.value &&
+      !canWriteMessages.value &&
+      !canWriteRules.value &&
+      !isAdmin.value
+  )
 
   const roleLabel = computed(
     () => user.value?.role_label || user.value?.role || ''
   )
 
   const visibleMenus = computed(() =>
-    MENU_ITEMS.filter((item) => hasPermission(item.permission)).map((item) => ({
+    MENU_ITEMS.filter((item) => menuAccessible(item, hasPermission)).map((item) => ({
       ...item,
       title: isAdmin.value && item.adminTitle ? item.adminTitle : item.title
     }))
@@ -115,9 +154,23 @@ export const useAuthStore = defineStore('auth', () => {
     permissions,
     isAdmin,
     canWrite,
+    canCreateAccounts,
+    canUpdateAccounts,
+    canDeleteAccounts,
+    canStartAccounts,
+    canStopAccounts,
+    canManageCookies,
     canWriteMessages,
     canWriteRules,
+    canWriteLinkCards,
+    canClearSystemLogs,
     canManageUsers,
+    canManageRoles,
+    canManagePayments,
+    canManageSettings,
+    canManageDatabase,
+    canCreateOrders,
+    hasGlobalDataScope,
     isViewer,
     roleLabel,
     visibleMenus,

frontend/src/views/Accounts.vue

@@ -395,7 +395,12 @@ const accountQuotaLabel = computed(() => {
 })
 
 const canPurchaseSlots = computed(() => {
-  return paymentConfig.value?.payment_enabled && accountQuota.value.limited && !canAddAccount.value
+  return (
+    auth.canCreateOrders &&
+    paymentConfig.value?.payment_enabled &&
+    accountQuota.value.limited &&
+    !canAddAccount.value
+  )
 })
 
 const startableAccounts = computed(() =>
@@ -857,7 +862,7 @@ const queueActionLabel = (item) => {
 }
 
 const isQueueSendDisabled = (item) => {
-  if (auth.user?.role === 'viewer') return true
+  if (!auth.canWriteMessages) return true
   if (!queueSnapshot.value.running) return true
   if (queueSendingJobId.value) return true
   return item?.status !== 'waiting' || !!item?.expedited
@@ -1000,8 +1005,8 @@ const goAccountRulesPage = (accountId) => {
 }
 
 const openAddModal = () => {
-  if (!auth.canWrite) {
+  if (!auth.canCreateAccounts) {
-    message.warning('当前账号为只读角色，不能添加托管账号')
+    message.warning('当前账号无添加账号权限')
     return
   }
   if (!canAddAccount.value) {
@@ -1599,11 +1604,13 @@ const openEditModal = async (acc) => {
   }
   initUserAgentFields(acc)
   try {
-    const res = await api.get(`/accounts/${acc.id}/cookie?purpose=management`)
+    if (auth.canManageCookies) {
-    editForm.value.cookie_data = res.data.cookie_data
+      const res = await api.get(`/accounts/${acc.id}/cookie?purpose=management`)
-      ? JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(res.data.cookie_data), null, 2)
+      editForm.value.cookie_data = res.data.cookie_data
-      : ''
+        ? JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(res.data.cookie_data), null, 2)
-    applyCookieResponse(res.data)
+        : ''
+      applyCookieResponse(res.data)
+    }
   } catch (error) {
     message.error('加载 Cookie 失败')
   } finally {
@@ -1798,7 +1805,7 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
         </p>
       </div>
       <div class="header-actions">
-        <div v-if="startableAccounts.length > 0" class="batch-toolbar">
+        <div v-if="auth.canStartAccounts && startableAccounts.length > 0" class="batch-toolbar">
           <a-checkbox
             :indeterminate="selectedStartableCount > 0 && selectedStartableCount < startableAccounts.length"
             :checked="startableAccounts.length > 0 && selectedStartableCount === startableAccounts.length"
@@ -1823,6 +1830,7 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
         </div>
         <a-space wrap>
         <a-popconfirm
+          v-if="auth.canStartAccounts"
           title="将启动所有未启动的账号（含其他分页），确认继续？"
           ok-text="全部启动"
           cancel-text="取消"
@@ -1857,7 +1865,7 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
           购买额度
         </a-button>
         <a-button
-          v-if="auth.canWrite"
+          v-if="auth.canCreateAccounts"
           type="primary"
           class="gradient-btn"
           :disabled="!canAddAccount && !canPurchaseSlots"
@@ -2050,7 +2058,13 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
                   <template #icon><MessageOutlined /></template>
                   自动回复
                 </a-button>
-                <a-button type="text" size="small" class="action-edit-btn" @click="openEditModal(acc)">
+                <a-button
+                  v-if="auth.canUpdateAccounts"
+                  type="text"
+                  size="small"
+                  class="action-edit-btn"
+                  @click="openEditModal(acc)"
+                >
                   <template #icon><EditOutlined /></template>
                   编辑
                 </a-button>
@@ -2061,7 +2075,7 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
               </div>
               <div class="account-actions-primary">
                 <a-button
-                  v-if="!acc.quota_disabled && (acc.status === 'offline' || acc.status === 'error' || acc.status === 'starting')"
+                  v-if="auth.canStartAccounts && !acc.quota_disabled && (acc.status === 'offline' || acc.status === 'error' || acc.status === 'starting')"
                   type="primary"
                   ghost
                   size="small"
@@ -2073,7 +2087,7 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
                   启动托管
                 </a-button>
                 <a-button
-                  v-if="!acc.quota_disabled && acc.status === 'logging_in'"
+                  v-if="auth.canStartAccounts && !acc.quota_disabled && acc.status === 'logging_in'"
                   type="primary"
                   size="small"
                   class="action-btn-warn"
@@ -2083,7 +2097,7 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
                   扫码登录
                 </a-button>
                 <a-button
-                  v-if="!acc.quota_disabled && acc.status === 'online'"
+                  v-if="auth.canStopAccounts && !acc.quota_disabled && acc.status === 'online'"
                   danger
                   ghost
                   size="small"
@@ -2093,6 +2107,7 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
                   停止托管
                 </a-button>
                 <a-popconfirm
+                  v-if="auth.canDeleteAccounts"
                   title="确认删除该账号？删除后其所有的自动回复规则和消息日志也将被清除。"
                   ok-text="确认"
                   cancel-text="取消"
@@ -2113,7 +2128,7 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
             <UserOutlined style="font-size: 4rem; color: var(--text-muted); margin-bottom: 16px;" />
             <h3>暂无托管账号</h3>
             <p style="color: var(--text-secondary); margin-bottom: 20px;">添加一个抖音账号，开始自动化回复工作吧</p>
-            <a-button v-if="auth.canWrite" type="primary" class="gradient-btn" @click="openAddModal">
+            <a-button v-if="auth.canCreateAccounts" type="primary" class="gradient-btn" @click="openAddModal">
               <template #icon><PlusOutlined /></template>
               立即添加
             </a-button>
@@ -2168,7 +2183,10 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
         <a-form-item label="手机号 (可选，方便记录备注)">
           <a-input v-model:value="addForm.phone" placeholder="请输入绑定的手机号码" />
         </a-form-item>
-        <a-form-item label="Cookie 数据 (可选，可直接导入登录态)">
+        <a-form-item
+          v-if="auth.canManageCookies"
+          label="Cookie 数据 (可选，可直接导入登录态)"
+        >
           <a-textarea
             v-model:value="addForm.cookie_data"
             :rows="10"
@@ -2381,7 +2399,10 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
               启动托管时，浏览器登录与 IM 发送将使用所选设备头；须与 a_bogus 签名一致，修改后请重新启动托管。
             </p>
 
-            <a-form-item label="Cookie 数据（Playwright storage_state JSON）">
+            <a-form-item
+              v-if="auth.canManageCookies"
+              label="Cookie 数据（Playwright storage_state JSON）"
+            >
               <a-textarea
                 v-model:value="editForm.cookie_data"
                 :rows="isMobile ? 8 : 12"
@@ -2392,6 +2413,7 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
 
             <div class="edit-modal-footer">
               <a-popconfirm
+                v-if="auth.canManageCookies"
                 title="确认清除该账号的 Cookie？清除后需重新扫码登录。"
                 ok-text="确认"
                 cancel-text="取消"
@@ -2399,8 +2421,20 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
               >
                 <a-button danger :loading="editSaving">清除 Cookie</a-button>
               </a-popconfirm>
-              <a-button :loading="editSaving" @click="saveAccountInfo">保存账号信息</a-button>
+              <a-button
-              <a-button type="primary" class="gradient-btn" :loading="editSaving" @click="saveCookie">
+                v-if="auth.canUpdateAccounts"
+                :loading="editSaving"
+                @click="saveAccountInfo"
+              >
+                保存账号信息
+              </a-button>
+              <a-button
+                v-if="auth.canManageCookies"
+                type="primary"
+                class="gradient-btn"
+                :loading="editSaving"
+                @click="saveCookie"
+              >
                 保存 Cookie
               </a-button>
             </div>
@@ -2439,17 +2473,30 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
               关闭后该账号不再发送兜底回复，状态与策略中心的「是否启用」开关同步。
             </span>
           </div>
-          <a-switch v-model:checked="accountDefaultRuleForm.is_active" />
+          <a-switch
+            v-model:checked="accountDefaultRuleForm.is_active"
+            :disabled="!auth.canWriteRules"
+          />
         </div>
 
-        <ReplyRuleEditor v-model:replies="accountDefaultRuleForm.replies" />
+        <ReplyRuleEditor
+          v-model:replies="accountDefaultRuleForm.replies"
+          :readonly="!auth.canWriteRules"
+          :can-upload-cards="auth.canWriteLinkCards"
+        />
 
         <a-space style="width: 100%; justify-content: flex-end; margin-top: 8px;">
           <a-button @click="goAccountRulesPage(rulesModalAccount.id)">
             <template #icon><SettingOutlined /></template>
             管理全部规则
           </a-button>
-          <a-button type="primary" class="gradient-btn" :loading="rulesModalSaving" @click="saveAccountDefaultRule">
+          <a-button
+            v-if="auth.canWriteRules"
+            type="primary"
+            class="gradient-btn"
+            :loading="rulesModalSaving"
+            @click="saveAccountDefaultRule"
+          >
             保存兜底回复
           </a-button>
         </a-space>
@@ -2491,10 +2538,10 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
         </div>
 
         <a-alert
-          v-if="auth.user?.role === 'viewer'"
+          v-if="!auth.canWriteMessages"
           type="info"
           show-icon
-          message="当前账号为只读权限，可查看队列详情，但不能执行立即发送。"
+          message="当前账号无消息发送权限，可查看队列详情，但不能执行立即发送。"
           class="reply-queue-alert reply-queue-readonly-alert"
         />
 

frontend/src/views/Dashboard.vue

@@ -98,20 +98,20 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
         </p>
       </div>
       <div class="banner-side">
-        <div v-if="auth.canWrite" class="banner-actions">
+        <div v-if="auth.hasPermission('menu.accounts')" class="banner-actions">
           <router-link to="/accounts">
             <a-button size="large">
               <template #icon><UserOutlined /></template>
-              {{ auth.isAdmin ? '账号管理' : `我的账号（${stats.myAccounts}）` }}
+              {{ auth.hasGlobalDataScope ? '账号管理' : `我的账号（${stats.myAccounts}）` }}
             </a-button>
           </router-link>
           <router-link
-            v-if="auth.canWrite"
+            v-if="auth.canCreateAccounts"
             :to="{ path: '/accounts', query: { action: 'add' } }"
           >
             <a-button type="primary" size="large" class="gradient-btn">
               <template #icon><PlusOutlined /></template>
-              {{ auth.isAdmin ? '添加账号' : '添加自己的账号' }}
+              {{ auth.hasGlobalDataScope ? '添加账号' : '添加自己的账号' }}
             </a-button>
           </router-link>
         </div>
@@ -231,8 +231,8 @@ onUnmounted(() => {
           <div class="quick-actions-grid" style="margin-top: 20px;">
             <router-link to="/accounts" class="quick-action-card">
               <UserOutlined class="action-icon text-gradient" />
-              <span>{{ auth.isAdmin ? '账号管理' : '我的账号' }}</span>
+              <span>{{ auth.hasGlobalDataScope ? '账号管理' : '我的账号' }}</span>
-              <p v-if="auth.isAdmin">管理全平台账号配置与运行状态</p>
+              <p v-if="auth.hasGlobalDataScope">管理全平台账号配置与运行状态</p>
               <p v-else>仅查看和管理自己添加的账号，当前 {{ stats.myAccounts }} 个</p>
             </router-link>
             

frontend/src/views/Roles.vue

@@ -0,0 +1,798 @@
+<script setup>
+import { ref, computed, onMounted } from 'vue'
+import { message, Modal } from 'ant-design-vue'
+import {
+  PlusOutlined,
+  SafetyCertificateOutlined,
+  DeleteOutlined
+} from '@ant-design/icons-vue'
+import api from '../api'
+import { useIsMobile } from '../composables/useIsMobile'
+
+const isMobile = useIsMobile()
+const roleRecords = ref([])
+const permissionCatalog = ref({ menus: [], actions: [], data: [], tree: [], pairs: [] })
+const rolesLoading = ref(false)
+const roleModalVisible = ref(false)
+const roleModalTitle = ref('新建角色')
+const editingRoleCode = ref(null)
+const roleSaving = ref(false)
+const roleForm = ref({
+  code: '',
+  label: '',
+  description: '',
+  permissions: []
+})
+
+const rolePermissionsReadonly = computed(() => editingRoleCode.value === 'admin')
+
+/** Build parent/child tree when API omits ``tree`` (older backends). */
+const buildPermissionTreeFallback = (catalog) => {
+  const menus = catalog?.menus || []
+  const actions = catalog?.actions || []
+  const data = catalog?.data || []
+  const pairs = catalog?.pairs || []
+  const actionToMenu = {}
+  for (const pair of pairs) {
+    if (pair?.action && pair?.menu) actionToMenu[pair.action] = pair.menu
+  }
+  // Heuristic: accounts.* → menu.accounts, messages.* → menu.messages, etc.
+  const guessParent = (code) => {
+    if (actionToMenu[code]) return actionToMenu[code]
+    if (code.startsWith('accounts.')) return 'menu.accounts'
+    if (code.startsWith('messages.')) return 'menu.messages'
+    if (code.startsWith('rules.') || code === 'link_cards.write') return 'menu.rules'
+    if (code.startsWith('logs.')) return 'menu.logs'
+    if (code.startsWith('received_messages.')) return 'menu.received_messages'
+    if (code.startsWith('system_logs.')) return 'menu.system_logs'
+    if (code === 'users.manage') return 'menu.users'
+    if (code === 'roles.manage') return 'menu.roles'
+    if (code.startsWith('settings.')) return 'menu.settings'
+    if (code === 'desktop.manage') return 'menu.desktop_update'
+    if (code === 'payments.manage') return 'menu.payment_settings'
+    if (code.startsWith('orders.')) return 'menu.payment_orders'
+    return null
+  }
+  const childrenByMenu = Object.fromEntries(menus.map((m) => [m.code, []]))
+  for (const action of actions) {
+    const parent = guessParent(action.code)
+    if (parent && childrenByMenu[parent]) {
+      childrenByMenu[parent].push({ code: action.code, label: action.label })
+    }
+  }
+  const tree = menus.map((menu) => ({
+    code: menu.code,
+    label: menu.label,
+    kind: 'menu',
+    children: childrenByMenu[menu.code] || []
+  }))
+  if (data.length) {
+    tree.push({
+      code: '__group.data__',
+      label: '数据权限',
+      kind: 'group',
+      children: data.map((item) => ({ code: item.code, label: item.label }))
+    })
+  }
+  return tree
+}
+
+const permissionTree = computed(() => {
+  const catalog = permissionCatalog.value || {}
+  if (Array.isArray(catalog.tree) && catalog.tree.length) return catalog.tree
+  return buildPermissionTreeFallback(catalog)
+})
+
+const selectedPermissionSet = computed(
+  () => new Set(roleForm.value.permissions || [])
+)
+
+const childCodesOf = (node) => (node.children || []).map((c) => c.code)
+
+const applyPermissionPairs = (codes) => {
+  const selected = new Set(codes || [])
+  const pairs = permissionCatalog.value.pairs || []
+  for (const pair of pairs) {
+    if (selected.has(pair.menu)) selected.add(pair.action)
+  }
+  const actionPrimary = {}
+  for (const pair of pairs) {
+    if (!actionPrimary[pair.action]) actionPrimary[pair.action] = pair.menu
+  }
+  // Also map from tree: any selected child implies its menu parent.
+  for (const node of permissionTree.value) {
+    if (node.kind === 'menu') {
+      for (const child of node.children || []) {
+        if (selected.has(child.code)) selected.add(node.code)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  for (const [action, menu] of Object.entries(actionPrimary)) {
+    if (selected.has(action)) selected.add(menu)
+  }
+  return [...selected]
+}
+
+const isChecked = (code) => selectedPermissionSet.value.has(code)
+
+const isParentChecked = (node) => {
+  if (node.kind === 'group') {
+    const kids = childCodesOf(node)
+    return kids.length > 0 && kids.every((code) => isChecked(code))
+  }
+  return isChecked(node.code)
+}
+
+const isParentIndeterminate = (node) => {
+  const kids = childCodesOf(node)
+  if (!kids.length) return false
+  const checkedCount = kids.filter((code) => isChecked(code)).length
+  if (node.kind === 'group') {
+    return checkedCount > 0 && checkedCount < kids.length
+  }
+  // Menu parent: indeterminate when some (not all) children checked,
+  // or when menu is checked but children are mixed.
+  if (checkedCount === 0) return false
+  if (checkedCount === kids.length && isChecked(node.code)) return false
+  return true
+}
+
+const setPermissions = (codes) => {
+  roleForm.value.permissions = applyPermissionPairs(codes)
+}
+
+const toggleParent = (node, checked) => {
+  const current = new Set(roleForm.value.permissions || [])
+  const kids = childCodesOf(node)
+  if (node.kind === 'group') {
+    for (const code of kids) {
+      if (checked) current.add(code)
+      else current.delete(code)
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (checked) {
+      current.add(node.code)
+    } else {
+      current.delete(node.code)
+      for (const code of kids) current.delete(code)
+    }
+  }
+  setPermissions([...current])
+}
+
+const toggleChild = (parent, childCode, checked) => {
+  const current = new Set(roleForm.value.permissions || [])
+  if (checked) {
+    current.add(childCode)
+    if (parent.kind === 'menu') current.add(parent.code)
+  } else {
+    current.delete(childCode)
+  }
+  setPermissions([...current])
+}
+
+const formatApiError = (error, fallback = '操作失败') => {
+  const detail = error?.response?.data?.detail
+  if (detail == null || detail === '') return error?.message || fallback
+  if (typeof detail === 'string') return detail
+  if (Array.isArray(detail)) {
+    return detail
+      .map((item) => {
+        if (typeof item === 'string') return item
+        return item?.msg || item?.message || JSON.stringify(item)
+      })
+      .filter(Boolean)
+      .join('；') || fallback
+  }
+  if (typeof detail === 'object') {
+    return detail.msg || detail.message || JSON.stringify(detail)
+  }
+  return String(detail)
+}
+
+const fetchRoleRecords = async () => {
+  rolesLoading.value = true
+  try {
+    const [rolesRes, catalogRes] = await Promise.all([
+      api.get('/roles'),
+      api.get('/roles/catalog')
+    ])
+    roleRecords.value = rolesRes.data.roles || []
+    permissionCatalog.value = catalogRes.data || {
+      menus: [],
+      actions: [],
+      data: [],
+      tree: [],
+      pairs: []
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    message.error(formatApiError(error, '获取角色列表失败'))
+  } finally {
+    rolesLoading.value = false
+  }
+}
+
+const openAddRole = () => {
+  editingRoleCode.value = null
+  roleModalTitle.value = '新建角色'
+  roleForm.value = {
+    code: '',
+    label: '',
+    description: '',
+    permissions: [
+      'menu.dashboard',
+      'menu.accounts',
+      'menu.messages',
+      'menu.rules',
+      'menu.help',
+      'menu.download'
+    ]
+  }
+  roleModalVisible.value = true
+}
+
+const openEditRole = (record) => {
+  editingRoleCode.value = record.value
+  roleModalTitle.value = record.is_admin ? '查看管理员角色' : '编辑角色'
+  roleForm.value = {
+    code: record.value,
+    label: record.label,
+    description: record.description || '',
+    permissions: [...(record.permissions || [])]
+  }
+  roleModalVisible.value = true
+}
+
+const handleSaveRole = async () => {
+  const code = (roleForm.value.code || '').trim().toLowerCase()
+  const label = (roleForm.value.label || '').trim()
+  if (!editingRoleCode.value && !code) {
+    message.warning('请填写角色码')
+    return
+  }
+  if (!label) {
+    message.warning('请填写角色名称')
+    return
+  }
+  roleSaving.value = true
+  try {
+    if (editingRoleCode.value) {
+      await api.put(`/roles/${encodeURIComponent(editingRoleCode.value)}`, {
+        label,
+        description: roleForm.value.description || null,
+        permissions: rolePermissionsReadonly.value
+          ? undefined
+          : roleForm.value.permissions
+      })
+      message.success('角色已更新')
+    } else {
+      await api.post('/roles', {
+        code,
+        label,
+        description: roleForm.value.description || null,
+        permissions: roleForm.value.permissions
+      })
+      message.success('角色已创建')
+    }
+    roleModalVisible.value = false
+    await fetchRoleRecords()
+  } catch (error) {
+    message.error(formatApiError(error, '保存角色失败'))
+  } finally {
+    roleSaving.value = false
+  }
+}
+
+const handleDeleteRole = (record) => {
+  if (record.is_system) {
+    message.warning('系统内置角色不可删除')
+    return
+  }
+  Modal.confirm({
+    title: `确定删除角色「${record.label}」吗？`,
+    okType: 'danger',
+    onOk: async () => {
+      try {
+        await api.delete(`/roles/${encodeURIComponent(record.value)}`)
+        message.success('角色已删除')
+        await fetchRoleRecords()
+      } catch (error) {
+        message.error(formatApiError(error, '删除角色失败'))
+      }
+    }
+  })
+}
+
+onMounted(() => {
+  fetchRoleRecords()
+})
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <div class="roles-page">
+    <div class="page-header glass-card">
+      <div class="page-header-main">
+        <h2 class="page-title">
+          <SafetyCertificateOutlined class="page-title-icon" />
+          角色设定
+        </h2>
+        <p class="subtitle">按菜单父子层级配置权限：父级进页面，子级控按钮与数据范围</p>
+      </div>
+      <a-button type="primary" class="gradient-btn add-btn" @click="openAddRole">
+        <template #icon><PlusOutlined /></template>
+        新建角色
+      </a-button>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="glass-card roles-panel">
+      <a-spin :spinning="rolesLoading">
+        <a-table
+          v-if="!isMobile"
+          :data-source="roleRecords"
+          row-key="value"
+          :pagination="false"
+        >
+          <a-table-column title="角色码" data-index="value" key="value" :width="140" />
+          <a-table-column title="名称" data-index="label" key="label" :width="140" />
+          <a-table-column title="说明" key="description">
+            <template #default="{ record }">
+              <span :class="{ 'text-muted': !record.description }">
+                {{ record.description || '—' }}
+              </span>
+            </template>
+          </a-table-column>
+          <a-table-column title="类型" key="type" :width="110">
+            <template #default="{ record }">
+              <a-tag v-if="record.is_admin" color="purple">超级管理员</a-tag>
+              <a-tag v-else-if="record.is_system" color="blue">系统</a-tag>
+              <a-tag v-else color="geekblue">自定义</a-tag>
+            </template>
+          </a-table-column>
+          <a-table-column title="权限数" key="perm_count" :width="90">
+            <template #default="{ record }">
+              {{ (record.permissions || []).length }}
+            </template>
+          </a-table-column>
+          <a-table-column title="用户数" data-index="user_count" key="user_count" :width="80" />
+          <a-table-column title="操作" key="action" :width="160">
+            <template #default="{ record }">
+              <a-space>
+                <a-button type="text" class="edit-btn" @click="openEditRole(record)">
+                  {{ record.is_admin ? '查看' : '编辑' }}
+                </a-button>
+                <a-button
+                  v-if="!record.is_system"
+                  type="text"
+                  danger
+                  @click="handleDeleteRole(record)"
+                >
+                  <template #icon><DeleteOutlined /></template>
+                  删除
+                </a-button>
+              </a-space>
+            </template>
+          </a-table-column>
+        </a-table>
+
+        <div v-else class="role-card-list">
+          <div v-for="record in roleRecords" :key="record.value" class="role-card glass-card">
+            <div class="role-card-head">
+              <div>
+                <div class="role-card-name">{{ record.label }}</div>
+                <div class="role-card-code">{{ record.value }}</div>
+              </div>
+              <a-tag v-if="record.is_admin" color="purple">超级管理员</a-tag>
+              <a-tag v-else-if="record.is_system" color="blue">系统</a-tag>
+              <a-tag v-else color="geekblue">自定义</a-tag>
+            </div>
+            <div class="role-card-meta">
+              <div class="role-card-row">
+                <span class="role-card-label">权限</span>
+                <span>{{ (record.permissions || []).length }} 项</span>
+              </div>
+              <div class="role-card-row">
+                <span class="role-card-label">用户</span>
+                <span>{{ record.user_count ?? 0 }}</span>
+              </div>
+              <div v-if="record.description" class="role-card-desc">
+                {{ record.description }}
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="role-card-actions">
+              <a-button type="text" class="edit-btn" @click="openEditRole(record)">
+                {{ record.is_admin ? '查看' : '编辑' }}
+              </a-button>
+              <a-button
+                v-if="!record.is_system"
+                type="text"
+                danger
+                @click="handleDeleteRole(record)"
+              >
+                删除
+              </a-button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <a-empty v-if="!roleRecords.length" description="暂无角色" />
+        </div>
+      </a-spin>
+    </div>
+
+    <a-modal
+      v-model:visible="roleModalVisible"
+      :title="roleModalTitle"
+      :width="isMobile ? 'calc(100vw - 32px)' : 760"
+      :confirm-loading="roleSaving"
+      @ok="handleSaveRole"
+      ok-text="保存"
+      cancel-text="取消"
+    >
+      <a-form layout="vertical" class="role-form" style="margin-top: 16px;">
+        <a-form-item label="角色码" required>
+          <a-input
+            v-model:value="roleForm.code"
+            placeholder="小写字母开头，如 ops_leader"
+            :disabled="!!editingRoleCode"
+            :maxlength="50"
+          />
+          <div class="field-hint">创建后不可修改；仅小写字母、数字、下划线</div>
+        </a-form-item>
+        <a-form-item label="显示名称" required>
+          <a-input v-model:value="roleForm.label" placeholder="界面展示名称" :maxlength="100" />
+        </a-form-item>
+        <a-form-item label="说明">
+          <a-input
+            v-model:value="roleForm.description"
+            placeholder="可选，描述该角色的职责"
+            :maxlength="255"
+          />
+        </a-form-item>
+        <a-alert
+          type="info"
+          show-icon
+          message="父级为菜单入口，子级为页面内按钮/操作；勾选子级会自动勾选父级菜单。取消父级会清除其下全部子权限。"
+          style="margin-bottom: 16px;"
+        />
+        <a-alert
+          v-if="rolePermissionsReadonly"
+          type="info"
+          show-icon
+          message="管理员角色固定拥有全部权限，不可取消勾选"
+          style="margin-bottom: 16px;"
+        />
+        <a-form-item label="权限配置">
+          <div class="perm-tree" :class="{ 'perm-tree-readonly': rolePermissionsReadonly }">
+            <div
+              v-for="node in permissionTree"
+              :key="node.code"
+              class="perm-tree-node"
+              :class="{ 'perm-tree-node-group': node.kind === 'group' }"
+            >
+              <label class="perm-tree-parent">
+                <a-checkbox
+                  :checked="isParentChecked(node)"
+                  :indeterminate="isParentIndeterminate(node)"
+                  :disabled="rolePermissionsReadonly"
+                  @change="(e) => toggleParent(node, e.target.checked)"
+                >
+                  <span class="perm-tree-parent-label">{{ node.label }}</span>
+                  <span v-if="node.kind === 'menu' && !(node.children || []).length" class="perm-tree-tag">仅菜单</span>
+                  <span v-else-if="node.kind === 'group'" class="perm-tree-tag">数据范围</span>
+                </a-checkbox>
+              </label>
+              <div v-if="(node.children || []).length" class="perm-tree-children">
+                <label
+                  v-for="child in node.children"
+                  :key="child.code"
+                  class="perm-tree-child"
+                >
+                  <a-checkbox
+                    :checked="isChecked(child.code)"
+                    :disabled="rolePermissionsReadonly"
+                    @change="(e) => toggleChild(node, child.code, e.target.checked)"
+                  >
+                    {{ child.label }}
+                  </a-checkbox>
+                </label>
+              </div>
+              <div v-if="node.kind === 'group'" class="field-hint perm-tree-hint">
+                勾选「查看全部用户数据」后可跨用户查看账号/规则/日志；未勾选则仅本人数据。内置管理员始终拥有全局范围。
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </a-form-item>
+      </a-form>
+    </a-modal>
+
+    <div class="glass-card role-help">
+      <h3 style="margin-top: 0; color: #fff;">角色权限说明</h3>
+      <ul class="role-list">
+        <li><strong>管理员</strong>：全局数据范围 + 全部权限，不可删除</li>
+        <li><strong>运营 / 只读 / 自定义角色</strong>：仅能访问自己的账号数据；若有用户管理权限，也只能管理自己创建的用户</li>
+        <li>自定义角色创建后，可在「用户管理」中分配给用户</li>
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<style scoped>
+.roles-page {
+  min-width: 0;
+}
+
+.page-header {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  align-items: center;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: 16px;
+  padding: 24px;
+  margin-bottom: 24px;
+}
+
+.page-header-main {
+  flex: 1;
+  min-width: 0;
+}
+
+.page-title {
+  margin: 0;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: 8px;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+}
+
+.page-title-icon {
+  color: #c084fc;
+}
+
+.subtitle {
+  margin: 8px 0 0;
+  color: var(--text-secondary);
+  font-size: 0.9rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+.gradient-btn {
+  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color) 0%, var(--accent-pink) 100%) !important;
+  border: none !important;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+
+.roles-panel {
+  padding: 16px;
+  margin-bottom: 16px;
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+.roles-panel:hover,
+.role-help:hover {
+  transform: none;
+}
+
+.roles-page :deep(.ant-table) {
+  background: transparent !important;
+}
+
+.roles-page :deep(.ant-table-thead > tr > th) {
+  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05) !important;
+  color: #d1d5db !important;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) !important;
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+
+.roles-page :deep(.ant-table-tbody > tr > td) {
+  background: transparent !important;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) !important;
+  color: #f3f4f6;
+}
+
+.roles-page :deep(.ant-table-tbody > tr:hover > td) {
+  background: rgba(170, 59, 255, 0.08) !important;
+}
+
+.roles-page :deep(.ant-tag) {
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+.perm-tree {
+  max-height: min(58vh, 520px);
+  overflow: auto;
+  padding: 4px 2px 8px;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 12px;
+}
+
+.perm-tree-node {
+  padding: 12px 14px;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
+  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03);
+}
+
+.perm-tree-node-group {
+  border-color: rgba(96, 165, 250, 0.28);
+  background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.06);
+}
+
+.perm-tree-parent {
+  display: block;
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+.perm-tree-parent :deep(.ant-checkbox-wrapper) {
+  color: #f3f4f6 !important;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  margin-left: 0 !important;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+}
+
+.perm-tree-parent-label {
+  margin-right: 8px;
+}
+
+.perm-tree-tag {
+  display: inline-block;
+  margin-left: 4px;
+  padding: 1px 8px;
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  font-size: 0.72rem;
+  font-weight: 500;
+  color: var(--text-secondary);
+  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
+}
+
+.perm-tree-children {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr));
+  gap: 8px 12px;
+  margin: 10px 0 0 28px;
+  padding-top: 10px;
+  border-top: 1px dashed rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
+}
+
+.perm-tree-child {
+  display: block;
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+.perm-tree-child :deep(.ant-checkbox-wrapper) {
+  color: #e5e7eb !important;
+  margin-left: 0 !important;
+  line-height: 1.45;
+  font-weight: 400;
+}
+
+.perm-tree-hint {
+  margin: 10px 0 0 28px;
+}
+
+.perm-tree-readonly {
+  opacity: 0.85;
+}
+
+.edit-btn {
+  color: #d8b4fe !important;
+}
+
+.edit-btn:hover {
+  color: #f3e8ff !important;
+}
+
+.text-muted {
+  color: var(--text-muted);
+}
+
+.field-hint {
+  margin-top: 6px;
+  font-size: 0.8rem;
+  color: var(--text-muted);
+}
+
+.role-form :deep(.ant-form-item-label > label) {
+  color: var(--text-secondary) !important;
+}
+
+.role-help {
+  margin-top: 24px;
+  padding: 20px;
+}
+
+.role-list {
+  color: var(--text-secondary);
+  line-height: 1.8;
+  margin: 0;
+  padding-left: 20px;
+}
+
+.role-card-list {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 12px;
+}
+
+.role-card {
+  padding: 16px;
+  border-radius: 12px;
+  background: hsla(230, 20%, 12%, 0.85);
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
+}
+
+.role-card:hover {
+  transform: none;
+  border-color: rgba(192, 132, 252, 0.2);
+}
+
+.role-card-head {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+  gap: 12px;
+  margin-bottom: 12px;
+}
+
+.role-card-name {
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  color: var(--text-primary);
+}
+
+.role-card-code {
+  margin-top: 4px;
+  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  color: var(--text-secondary);
+}
+
+.role-card-meta {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 8px;
+  padding: 12px 0;
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
+}
+
+.role-card-row {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  color: var(--text-primary);
+  font-size: 0.88rem;
+}
+
+.role-card-label {
+  color: var(--text-muted);
+}
+
+.role-card-desc {
+  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  color: var(--text-secondary);
+  line-height: 1.45;
+}
+
+.role-card-actions {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: flex-end;
+  gap: 4px;
+  margin-top: 12px;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 768px) {
+  .page-header {
+    padding: 16px;
+    margin-bottom: 16px;
+    align-items: stretch;
+  }
+
+  .add-btn {
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+
+  .role-help {
+    margin-top: 16px;
+    padding: 16px;
+  }
+}
+</style>

frontend/src/views/Rules.vue

@@ -714,7 +714,11 @@ watch(
           <a-input v-model:value="ruleForm.keyword" placeholder="当对方发来的信息包含此词语时触发回复..." />
         </a-form-item>
 
-        <ReplyRuleEditor v-model:replies="ruleForm.replies" />
+        <ReplyRuleEditor
+          v-model:replies="ruleForm.replies"
+          :readonly="!auth.canWriteRules"
+          :can-upload-cards="auth.canWriteLinkCards"
+        />
       </a-form>
     </a-modal>
   </div>

frontend/src/views/Settings.vue

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import { ref, onMounted } from 'vue'
 
 import { message, Modal } from 'ant-design-vue'
 
+import { useAuthStore } from '../stores/auth'
+
 import {
 
   SaveOutlined,
@@ -24,6 +26,8 @@ import api from '../api'
 
 
 
+const auth = useAuthStore()
+
 const loading = ref(false)
 
 const saving = ref(false)
@@ -589,7 +593,9 @@ const handleTestEmail = async () => {
 
 onMounted(() => {
   fetchSettings()
-  fetchDatabaseSettings()
+  if (auth.canManageDatabase) {
+    fetchDatabaseSettings()
+  }
 })
 
 </script>
@@ -978,7 +984,7 @@ onMounted(() => {
 
 
 
-      <div class="glass-card panel db-panel">
+      <div v-if="auth.canManageDatabase" class="glass-card panel db-panel">
 
         <div class="db-panel-header">
 

frontend/src/views/SystemLogs.vue

@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ onMounted(() => {
             刷新
           </a-button>
 
-          <a-button v-if="auth.isAdmin" danger @click="clearLogs">
+          <a-button v-if="auth.canClearSystemLogs" danger @click="clearLogs">
             <template #icon><DeleteOutlined /></template>
             清空
           </a-button>

frontend/src/views/Users.vue

@@ -54,26 +54,11 @@ const formatApiError = (error, fallback = '操作失败') => {
 }
 
 const auth = useAuthStore()
-const activeTab = ref('users')
 const users = ref([])
-const roles = ref([])
-const roleRecords = ref([])
-const permissionCatalog = ref({ menus: [], actions: [] })
 const loading = ref(false)
-const rolesLoading = ref(false)
 const modalVisible = ref(false)
 const modalTitle = ref('新增用户')
 const editingId = ref(null)
-const roleModalVisible = ref(false)
-const roleModalTitle = ref('新建角色')
-const editingRoleCode = ref(null)
-const roleSaving = ref(false)
-const roleForm = ref({
-  code: '',
-  label: '',
-  description: '',
-  permissions: []
-})
 
 const userForm = ref({
   username: '',
@@ -96,6 +81,11 @@ const roleOptions = ref([
   { value: 'viewer', label: '只读', is_admin: false }
 ])
 
+const assignableRoleOptions = computed(() => {
+  if (auth.isAdmin) return roleOptions.value
+  return roleOptions.value.filter((r) => !r.is_admin)
+})
+
 const isAdminRole = computed(() => {
   const hit = roleOptions.value.find((r) => r.value === userForm.value.role)
   return !!(hit?.is_admin || userForm.value.role === 'admin')
@@ -103,16 +93,11 @@ const isAdminRole = computed(() => {
 const emailRequiredForRole = computed(
   () => emailBindingRequired.value && !isAdminRole.value
 )
-const rolePermissionsReadonly = computed(
-  () => editingRoleCode.value === 'admin'
-)
 
 const hasEmail = computed(() => !!userForm.value.email?.trim())
 
 const getRoleLabel = (role) =>
-  roleOptions.value.find((r) => r.value === role)?.label ||
+  roleOptions.value.find((r) => r.value === role)?.label || role
-  roleRecords.value.find((r) => r.value === role)?.label ||
-  role
 
 const filteredUsers = computed(() => {
   const keyword = searchKeyword.value.trim().toLowerCase()
@@ -165,9 +150,9 @@ const fetchUsers = async () => {
 const fetchRoles = async () => {
   try {
     const res = await api.get('/auth/roles')
-    roles.value = res.data.roles || []
+    const list = res.data.roles || []
-    if (roles.value.length) {
+    if (list.length) {
-      roleOptions.value = roles.value.map((r) => ({
+      roleOptions.value = list.map((r) => ({
         value: r.value,
         label: r.label,
         is_admin: !!r.is_admin
@@ -178,120 +163,6 @@ const fetchRoles = async () => {
   }
 }
 
-const fetchRoleRecords = async () => {
-  rolesLoading.value = true
-  try {
-    const [rolesRes, catalogRes] = await Promise.all([
-      api.get('/roles'),
-      api.get('/roles/catalog')
-    ])
-    roleRecords.value = rolesRes.data.roles || []
-    permissionCatalog.value = catalogRes.data || { menus: [], actions: [] }
-    if (roleRecords.value.length) {
-      roleOptions.value = roleRecords.value.map((r) => ({
-        value: r.value,
-        label: r.label,
-        is_admin: !!r.is_admin
-      }))
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    message.error(formatApiError(error, '获取角色列表失败'))
-  } finally {
-    rolesLoading.value = false
-  }
-}
-
-const openAddRole = () => {
-  editingRoleCode.value = null
-  roleModalTitle.value = '新建角色'
-  roleForm.value = {
-    code: '',
-    label: '',
-    description: '',
-    permissions: [
-      'menu.dashboard',
-      'menu.accounts',
-      'menu.messages',
-      'menu.rules',
-      'menu.help',
-      'menu.download'
-    ]
-  }
-  roleModalVisible.value = true
-}
-
-const openEditRole = (record) => {
-  editingRoleCode.value = record.value
-  roleModalTitle.value = record.is_admin ? '查看管理员角色' : '编辑角色'
-  roleForm.value = {
-    code: record.value,
-    label: record.label,
-    description: record.description || '',
-    permissions: [...(record.permissions || [])]
-  }
-  roleModalVisible.value = true
-}
-
-const handleSaveRole = async () => {
-  const code = (roleForm.value.code || '').trim().toLowerCase()
-  const label = (roleForm.value.label || '').trim()
-  if (!editingRoleCode.value && !code) {
-    message.warning('请填写角色码')
-    return
-  }
-  if (!label) {
-    message.warning('请填写角色名称')
-    return
-  }
-  roleSaving.value = true
-  try {
-    if (editingRoleCode.value) {
-      await api.put(`/roles/${encodeURIComponent(editingRoleCode.value)}`, {
-        label,
-        description: roleForm.value.description || null,
-        permissions: rolePermissionsReadonly.value
-          ? undefined
-          : roleForm.value.permissions
-      })
-      message.success('角色已更新')
-    } else {
-      await api.post('/roles', {
-        code,
-        label,
-        description: roleForm.value.description || null,
-        permissions: roleForm.value.permissions
-      })
-      message.success('角色已创建')
-    }
-    roleModalVisible.value = false
-    await Promise.all([fetchRoleRecords(), fetchRoles()])
-  } catch (error) {
-    message.error(formatApiError(error, '保存角色失败'))
-  } finally {
-    roleSaving.value = false
-  }
-}
-
-const handleDeleteRole = (record) => {
-  if (record.is_system) {
-    message.warning('系统内置角色不可删除')
-    return
-  }
-  Modal.confirm({
-    title: `确定删除角色「${record.label}」吗？`,
-    okType: 'danger',
-    onOk: async () => {
-      try {
-        await api.delete(`/roles/${encodeURIComponent(record.value)}`)
-        message.success('角色已删除')
-        await Promise.all([fetchRoleRecords(), fetchRoles()])
-      } catch (error) {
-        message.error(formatApiError(error, '删除角色失败'))
-      }
-    }
-  })
-}
-
 const fetchDefaultMaxAccounts = async () => {
   try {
     const res = await api.get('/settings')
@@ -468,12 +339,6 @@ const isUnlimitedQuota = (record) =>
   !!(record.is_admin || record.role === 'admin' ||
     roleOptions.value.find((r) => r.value === record.role)?.is_admin)
 
-watch(activeTab, (tab) => {
-  if (tab === 'roles' && !roleRecords.value.length) {
-    fetchRoleRecords()
-  }
-})
-
 const resolveAccountLimit = (record) => {
   if (isUnlimitedQuota(record)) return null
   const raw = record.max_accounts
@@ -521,36 +386,16 @@ onMounted(() => {
       <div class="page-header-main">
         <h2 class="page-title">
           <TeamOutlined class="page-title-icon" />
-          用户与角色管理
+          用户管理
         </h2>
-        <p class="subtitle">创建用户、自定义角色，并勾选菜单与操作权限</p>
+        <p class="subtitle">创建与管理后台用户并分配角色；非管理员仅能查看自己创建的用户</p>
       </div>
-      <a-button
+      <a-button type="primary" class="gradient-btn add-user-btn" @click="openAdd">
-        v-if="activeTab === 'users'"
-        type="primary"
-        class="gradient-btn add-user-btn"
-        @click="openAdd"
-      >
         <template #icon><PlusOutlined /></template>
         新增用户
       </a-button>
-      <a-button
-        v-else
-        type="primary"
-        class="gradient-btn add-user-btn"
-        @click="openAddRole"
-      >
-        <template #icon><PlusOutlined /></template>
-        新建角色
-      </a-button>
     </div>
 
-    <a-tabs v-model:activeKey="activeTab" class="users-tabs glass-card">
-      <a-tab-pane key="users" tab="用户管理" />
-      <a-tab-pane key="roles" tab="角色设定" />
-    </a-tabs>
-
-    <template v-if="activeTab === 'users'">
     <div class="users-toolbar glass-card">
       <a-input
         v-model:value="searchKeyword"
@@ -567,7 +412,6 @@ onMounted(() => {
       </span>
     </div>
 
-    <!-- 桌面端：表格 -->
     <div v-if="!isMobile" class="glass-card table-card">
       <a-table
         :data-source="paginatedUsers"
@@ -618,7 +462,7 @@ onMounted(() => {
         <a-table-column title="操作" key="action" width="180px">
           <template #default="{ record }">
             <a-space>
-              <a-button type="text" style="color: #c084fc;" @click="openEdit(record)">
+              <a-button type="text" class="edit-btn" @click="openEdit(record)">
                 <template #icon><EditOutlined /></template>
                 编辑
               </a-button>
@@ -637,7 +481,6 @@ onMounted(() => {
       </a-table>
     </div>
 
-    <!-- 手机端：卡片列表 -->
     <div v-else class="users-mobile-list">
       <a-spin :spinning="loading">
         <div v-if="paginatedUsers.length" class="user-card-list">
@@ -720,96 +563,6 @@ onMounted(() => {
         />
       </div>
     </div>
-    </template>
-
-    <div v-else class="glass-card roles-panel">
-      <a-spin :spinning="rolesLoading">
-        <a-table
-          v-if="!isMobile"
-          :data-source="roleRecords"
-          row-key="value"
-          :pagination="false"
-        >
-          <a-table-column title="角色码" data-index="value" key="value" :width="140" />
-          <a-table-column title="名称" data-index="label" key="label" :width="140" />
-          <a-table-column title="说明" key="description">
-            <template #default="{ record }">
-              <span :class="{ 'text-muted': !record.description }">
-                {{ record.description || '—' }}
-              </span>
-            </template>
-          </a-table-column>
-          <a-table-column title="类型" key="type" :width="100">
-            <template #default="{ record }">
-              <a-tag v-if="record.is_admin" color="purple">超级管理员</a-tag>
-              <a-tag v-else-if="record.is_system" color="blue">系统</a-tag>
-              <a-tag v-else color="geekblue">自定义</a-tag>
-            </template>
-          </a-table-column>
-          <a-table-column title="权限数" key="perm_count" :width="90">
-            <template #default="{ record }">
-              {{ (record.permissions || []).length }}
-            </template>
-          </a-table-column>
-          <a-table-column title="用户数" data-index="user_count" key="user_count" :width="80" />
-          <a-table-column title="操作" key="action" :width="160">
-            <template #default="{ record }">
-              <a-space>
-                <a-button type="text" style="color: #c084fc;" @click="openEditRole(record)">
-                  {{ record.is_admin ? '查看' : '编辑' }}
-                </a-button>
-                <a-button
-                  v-if="!record.is_system"
-                  type="text"
-                  danger
-                  @click="handleDeleteRole(record)"
-                >
-                  删除
-                </a-button>
-              </a-space>
-            </template>
-          </a-table-column>
-        </a-table>
-
-        <div v-else class="user-card-list">
-          <div v-for="record in roleRecords" :key="record.value" class="user-card glass-card">
-            <div class="user-card-head">
-              <div>
-                <div class="user-card-name">{{ record.label }}</div>
-                <div class="user-card-display">{{ record.value }}</div>
-              </div>
-              <a-tag v-if="record.is_admin" color="purple">超级管理员</a-tag>
-              <a-tag v-else-if="record.is_system" color="blue">系统</a-tag>
-              <a-tag v-else color="geekblue">自定义</a-tag>
-            </div>
-            <div class="user-card-meta">
-              <div class="user-card-row">
-                <span class="user-card-label">权限</span>
-                <span class="user-card-value">{{ (record.permissions || []).length }} 项</span>
-              </div>
-              <div class="user-card-row">
-                <span class="user-card-label">用户</span>
-                <span class="user-card-value">{{ record.user_count ?? 0 }}</span>
-              </div>
-            </div>
-            <div class="user-card-actions">
-              <a-button type="text" class="edit-btn" @click="openEditRole(record)">
-                {{ record.is_admin ? '查看' : '编辑' }}
-              </a-button>
-              <a-button
-                v-if="!record.is_system"
-                type="text"
-                danger
-                @click="handleDeleteRole(record)"
-              >
-                删除
-              </a-button>
-            </div>
-          </div>
-          <a-empty v-if="!roleRecords.length" description="暂无角色" />
-        </div>
-      </a-spin>
-    </div>
 
     <a-modal
       v-model:visible="modalVisible"
@@ -860,7 +613,7 @@ onMounted(() => {
           </div>
         </a-form-item>
         <a-form-item label="角色">
-          <a-select v-model:value="userForm.role" :options="roleOptions" />
+          <a-select v-model:value="userForm.role" :options="assignableRoleOptions" />
         </a-form-item>
         <a-form-item v-if="!isAdminRole" label="可添加抖音账号数">
           <a-input-number
@@ -879,84 +632,6 @@ onMounted(() => {
         </a-form-item>
       </a-form>
     </a-modal>
-
-    <a-modal
-      v-model:visible="roleModalVisible"
-      :title="roleModalTitle"
-      :width="isMobile ? 'calc(100vw - 32px)' : 720"
-      :confirm-loading="roleSaving"
-      @ok="handleSaveRole"
-      ok-text="保存"
-      cancel-text="取消"
-    >
-      <a-form layout="vertical" class="user-form" style="margin-top: 16px;">
-        <a-form-item label="角色码" required>
-          <a-input
-            v-model:value="roleForm.code"
-            placeholder="小写字母开头，如 ops_leader"
-            :disabled="!!editingRoleCode"
-            :maxlength="50"
-          />
-          <div class="field-hint">创建后不可修改；仅小写字母、数字、下划线</div>
-        </a-form-item>
-        <a-form-item label="显示名称" required>
-          <a-input v-model:value="roleForm.label" placeholder="界面展示名称" :maxlength="100" />
-        </a-form-item>
-        <a-form-item label="说明">
-          <a-input
-            v-model:value="roleForm.description"
-            placeholder="可选，描述该角色的职责"
-            :maxlength="255"
-          />
-        </a-form-item>
-        <a-alert
-          v-if="rolePermissionsReadonly"
-          type="info"
-          show-icon
-          message="管理员角色固定拥有全部权限，不可取消勾选"
-          style="margin-bottom: 16px;"
-        />
-        <a-form-item label="菜单权限">
-          <a-checkbox-group
-            v-model:value="roleForm.permissions"
-            :disabled="rolePermissionsReadonly"
-            class="perm-grid"
-          >
-            <a-checkbox
-              v-for="item in permissionCatalog.menus"
-              :key="item.code"
-              :value="item.code"
-            >
-              {{ item.label }}
-            </a-checkbox>
-          </a-checkbox-group>
-        </a-form-item>
-        <a-form-item label="操作权限">
-          <a-checkbox-group
-            v-model:value="roleForm.permissions"
-            :disabled="rolePermissionsReadonly"
-            class="perm-grid"
-          >
-            <a-checkbox
-              v-for="item in permissionCatalog.actions"
-              :key="item.code"
-              :value="item.code"
-            >
-              {{ item.label }}
-            </a-checkbox>
-          </a-checkbox-group>
-        </a-form-item>
-      </a-form>
-    </a-modal>
-
-    <div class="glass-card role-help">
-      <h3 style="margin-top: 0; color: #fff;">角色权限说明</h3>
-      <ul class="role-list">
-        <li><strong>管理员</strong>：全局数据范围 + 全部权限，不可删除</li>
-        <li><strong>运营 / 只读 / 自定义角色</strong>：仅能访问自己的账号数据；菜单与操作由勾选权限决定</li>
-        <li>自定义角色可在「角色设定」中新建，并分配给用户</li>
-      </ul>
-    </div>
   </div>
 </template>
 
@@ -1000,48 +675,11 @@ onMounted(() => {
   line-height: 1.5;
 }
 
-.users-tabs {
-  padding: 8px 16px 0;
-  margin-bottom: 16px;
-}
-
-.users-tabs:hover,
 .users-toolbar:hover,
-.table-card:hover,
+.table-card:hover {
-.roles-panel:hover,
-.role-help:hover {
   transform: none;
 }
 
-.users-tabs :deep(.ant-tabs-nav) {
-  margin-bottom: 0;
-}
-
-.users-tabs :deep(.ant-tabs-tab) {
-  font-size: 0.95rem;
-  font-weight: 500;
-  padding: 12px 4px;
-}
-
-.roles-panel {
-  padding: 16px;
-  margin-bottom: 16px;
-  overflow: hidden;
-}
-
-.perm-grid {
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr));
-  gap: 10px 14px;
-  width: 100%;
-}
-
-.perm-grid :deep(.ant-checkbox-wrapper) {
-  color: #e5e7eb !important;
-  margin-left: 0 !important;
-  line-height: 1.45;
-}
-
 .users-toolbar {
   display: flex;
   align-items: center;
@@ -1234,18 +872,6 @@ onMounted(() => {
   color: var(--text-muted);
 }
 
-.role-help {
-  margin-top: 24px;
-  padding: 20px;
-}
-
-.role-list {
-  color: var(--text-secondary);
-  line-height: 1.8;
-  margin: 0;
-  padding-left: 20px;
-}
-
 .user-form :deep(.ant-form-item-label > label) {
   color: var(--text-secondary) !important;
 }
@@ -1278,15 +904,5 @@ onMounted(() => {
     max-width: none;
     width: 100%;
   }
-
-  .role-help {
-    margin-top: 16px !important;
-    padding: 16px !important;
-  }
-
-  .role-list {
-    padding-left: 18px;
-    font-size: 0.88rem;
-  }
 }
 </style>